South Africa’s OR Tambo International Airport grapples with a severe jet fuel shortage following a refinery fire, and rushes to prevent February flight disruptions amidst mounting supply chain vulnerabilities.



A reported fire at the National Petroleum Refiners of South Africa (NATREF) refinery on January 4 has ignited a critical jet fuel shortage at OR Tambo International Airport, South Africa’s busiest aviation hub. With current supplies sufficient to last just over seven days, stakeholders are racing against time to prevent flight disruptions in February.



Airports Company South Africa (ACSA) confirmed that OR Tambo currently holds 27.1 million liters of jet fuel. With a daily consumption rate of 3.6 million liters, this reserve will sustain operations only until the week ending February 2. Meeting February’s projected requirement of 97.2 million liters has become a matter of urgency.



&#8220;The airport uses about 3.6 million liters of jet fuel a day, which means there is about 7.6 days of stock on hand until the week ending February 2,&#8221; ACSA stated in a press release last week.



The reopening of the NATREF refinery, which is only scheduled for February 27, leaves a crucial fuel gap in the interim.



In response to the crisis, ACSA has mobilized a collaborative effort with the Fuels Industry Association of South Africa (FIASA), government agencies, and industry stakeholders.



Avhapfani Tshifularo, CEO of FIASA, emphasized in a press release, &#8220;We are facing a challenging situation, but we wish to assure stakeholders that the Fuels Industry Association and its members are committed to maintaining fuel availability and minimizing disruptions.&#8221;



Efforts to mitigate the shortage include prioritizing the movement of imported fuel from Durban to Gauteng via Transnet and increasing rail deliveries from Durban and Matola in Mozambique. Surplus storage capacity at King Shaka International Airport in Durban is being utilized to build reserves. Airlines are implementing measures such as tankering, which involves refueling at alternative airports to conserve OR Tambo’s limited reserves, involving several diversions of flights.



Despite these measures, airlines have raised concerns about restrictions from suppliers, leading to additional fuel stops at alternative airports. Passengers have been advised to prepare for potential delays. &#8220;ACSA recommends allocating extra time for connections, particularly for international flights,&#8221; the operator stated, and that passengers are encouraged to arrive earlier and maintain regular communication with airlines to ensure a seamless travel experience.



February’s fuel security hinges on the success of these contingency plans. FIASA has facilitated the injection of 26,000m³ of jet fuel from Durban, with 9,500m³ scheduled to arrive by January 21. &#8220;Every necessary step is being taken to maintain normal airport operations and ensure the secure and uninterrupted availability of jet fuel at OR Tambo,&#8221; ACSA emphasized.



The coordinated efforts from all parties will determine whether South Africa’s busiest airport is able to avoid disruption, with the coming weeks testing the resilience and adaptability of the aviation sector as it works to keep the skies open.

Airline Passengers As Virus Confirmed In Sub-Saharan Africa

Critical Jet Fuel Shortage In South Africa’s Busiest Airport: A Looming Crisis for February Flights

As FRELIMO’s candidate takes office under tight security and allegations of electoral fraud, opposition boycotts, youth-led protests, and mounting socioeconomic pressures reflect a nation at a crossroads.



Yesterday’s inauguration ceremony in Maputo marked a pivotal moment in Mozambique’s fraught political landscape, as Daniel Chapo assumed the Presidency amid allegations of electoral fraud and heavy security measures.



The Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) faced intense scrutiny following reports of ballot-tampering and intimidation in last year’s election. At least eight people were reportedly killed by security forces during protests surrounding the inauguration, while a local civil society group has said more than 300 people have been killed in clashes with security forces since October.


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y-1024x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-64363" style="width:659px;height:auto" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y-300x300.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/GhameTOWYAIEt7y.jpg 1280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Daniel Chapo (Image courtesy of X) </figcaption></figure></div>


Chapo’s ascent to power continues despite months of legal challenges and widespread public outrage. According to independent political analyst Marisa Lourenço in an interview with FORBES AFRICA, institutional domination by FRELIMO left opponents little room to maneuver once the official results were certified.



“FRELIMO controls the Electoral Commission and the courts,” she says, adding, “so there aren’t any other legal or formal avenues to continue to challenge the results.”



A Bloody Backdrop to a Presidential Inauguration



 Chapo’s inauguration took place under tight security in Maputo’s Independence Square, following general elections held on October 9, 2024. Observers, both local and international, raised alarms over alleged irregularities in the voting process.



Opposition parties, including the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO) and the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM), boycotted the ceremony, while upstart party, Podemos chose a more qualified acceptance by taking parliamentary seats.



Public sentiment has been notably tense, with many citizens accusing FRELIMO of corruption and authoritarian methods.



Background on the 2024 General Elections



The stakes were high when the country went to the polls, given Mozambique’s economic challenges and FRELIMO’s decades in power. RENAMO brought its own legacy of conflict with FRELIMO, while MDM sought to bolster its influence. Podemos emerged as a fresh alternative for many voters.



Independent candidate Venâncio Mondlane claimed a majority of votes, labeling the official results a “theft of the people’s will”.



Complaints, tampering and intimidation characterized the post-election landscape. The Constitutional Court introduced minor adjustments to Chapo’s vote share and reallocated a few parliamentary seats but did not address deeper systemic grievances.



Opposition Reaction and Legal Recourse



 Mondlane’s insistence that he won—bolstered by viral social media videos—added to the nationwide protests, which escalated after his lawyer was killed under suspicious circumstances. RENAMO and MDM announced boycotts of parliament, citing what they viewed as blatant electoral fraud. However, the promise of parliamentary influence and financial benefits prompted Podemos to accept its seats on January 13.



“They have more money and power to gain in accepting the situation than if they continue to oppose it,” observes Lourenço.



The Constitutional Court’s validation of the results effectively closed any formal channels for renewed litigation.



Efforts to Rebuild Trust



Though Chapo’s final tally was marginally reduced, many citizens saw it as a superficial measure that failed to dispel deep-rooted skepticism.



Furthermore, high unemployment and pervasive corruption has disproportionately affected younger Mozambicans, who have played a visible role in recent protests. Many reject FRELIMO’s liberation-era credentials.



“They also tired very quickly of main opposition RENAMO and were key to the success of Podemos,” says Lourenço, illustrating the generational shift.



Calls for job creation and anti-corruption measures have intensified, and observers have reportedly warned of potential radicalization if grievances remain unanswered.



Government Response and Long-Term Implications



Chapo’s presidency so far suggests FRELIMO will prioritize stability and security control. Human rights advocates have also condemned the use of live ammunition on protesters.



“FRELIMO under former president Filipe Nyusi has become much more draconian, and so is likely to continue to clamp down on dissent,” Lourenço states.



Rising inflation, frequent public-sector strikes, and a potential exodus of skilled workers loom large. FRELIMO’s closer ties to authoritarian governments could further strain relations with democratic neighbors and investors.



“This election has been a turning point,” Lourenço comments. “It has shown just how far FRELIMO will go to protect itself.”



Civic organizations also continue to demand electoral reforms, media freedoms, and more decisive anti-corruption measures.



“Mozambique’s political future looks fraught with clashes between a rigid ruling party and a largely disillusioned population,” says Lourenço.



“While immediate post-inauguration tensions might recede, the deeper issues—corruption, inequality, youth disenfranchisement—will keep re-emerging until they’re adequately addressed.”

After the elections in Mozambique

Mozambique’s Contested Presidency: Daniel Chapo Sworn In Amid Tension And Public Outcry

January 3, 2024, marked 16 years since the first Bitcoin block was mined by its pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. What began in 2009 as an experimental peer-to-peer digital currency has since grown into a financial powerhouse, boasting a market capitalization of over $2 trillion at its peak.



Bitcoin’s disruptive journey is defined by key moments, from its early association with online marketplaces like Silk Road to its 2024 high of $108,135, driven by the first-ever approval of spot Bitcoin ETFs in the United States. These ETFs, which attracted $21 billion in net flows in less than a year, solidified Bitcoin’s position as a mainstream asset.



The Rise of Digital Gold



Bitcoin’s evolution into “digital gold” has been a defining narrative, particularly in the aftermath of the 2020 pandemic. As central banks flooded markets with liquidity to counter economic fallout, Bitcoin emerged as a hedge against inflation, attracting retail and institutional investors alike.



Major corporations such as MicroStrategy and Tesla have since embraced Bitcoin, with the former amassing over 446,000 coins as of December 2024. These endorsements have underscored Bitcoin’s appeal not just as a speculative asset, but as a strategic reserve for companies seeking alternatives to fiat currencies.



Challenges Along the Way



Bitcoin’s meteoric rise has not been without its challenges. The “crypto winter” of 2022, triggered by the collapse of Terra-LUNA and the FTX exchange, saw Bitcoin’s price plummet below $20,000, shaking investor confidence. Scalability issues and high transaction fees during periods of peak demand remain key hurdles.



Moreover, the regulatory landscape continues to evolve. While some nations like El Salvador have embraced Bitcoin as legal tender, others remain skeptical, imposing restrictions or bans. The lack of clear global regulatory standards has created uncertainty for both investors and businesses operating in the cryptocurrency space.



Landmark Achievements in 2024



This past year was pivotal for Bitcoin. Apart from crossing the $100,000 mark for the first time, its inclusion in 401(k) retirement plans in the U.S. marked another milestone in mainstream adoption. Financial institutions like BlackRock and Fidelity have also entered the crypto market, signaling growing confidence in blockchain’s potential to revolutionize finance.



As Bitcoin enters its 17th year, its future appears as promising as it’s uncertain. The inauguration of crypto-friendly U.S. President Donald Trump in 2025 is expected to bolster market optimism, while advancements like the Lightning Network aim to address Bitcoin’s scalability issues.



What remains clear is Bitcoin’s enduring influence on global finance. From its fixed supply of 21 million coins to its decentralized nature, Bitcoin continues to challenge the traditional banking system and offer new possibilities for financial freedom.



As the world’s first cryptocurrency celebrates its 16th anniversary, its legacy is far from written. Bitcoin has not only weathered the storms of volatility but has also redefined how we perceive value and money in the digital age.

Ripple And Other Crypto Photo Illustrations

Bitcoin At 16: A Milestone For The World’s Most Disruptive Digital Asset

South Africa’s ongoing battle with gender-based violence (GBV) has received a boost with the release of the first national study on the subject. Conducted by the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), the report goes beyond statistics to expose the structural and behavioral factors fueling this epidemic. At its core, the study reveals the interconnectedness of mental health crises, entrenched societal norms, and systemic inequalities. The report, first commissioned in 2022, was released during a press conference earlier this week.



Women Most at Risk



The study estimates that more than 7.8 million South African women have experienced lifetime physical and/or sexual violence, said Dr Nompumelelo Zungu, Deputy Executive Director at the HSRC, announcing the report in Pretoria.



While all women are vulnerable, those with disabilities face heightened risks. Women living with disabilities are twice as likely to experience sexual violence compared to those without. “For a lifetime, this report shows that all forms of abuse are very high for women living with disabilities,” Zungu explained. These women face unique challenges that demand urgent, tailored interventions, including their reliance on others for daily needs, which leaves them more exposed to abuse.



Black African women also bear the brunt of physical violence. “Lifetime physical violence was significantly higher among Black African women with 35.5%, compared to women of other race groups,” said Zungu.



A Broader Crisis in Masculinity



The study highlights the mental health struggles faced by men, particularly those who perpetrate violence. Early childhood trauma, substance abuse, and socioeconomic pressures emerge as recurring themes among perpetrators. These issues underscore the need for targeted mental health services and programs aimed at dismantling harmful gender norms.



The findings show how deep-rooted societal norms perpetuate violence. Patriarchal beliefs, such as those normalizing men’s control over women, remain prevalent, contributing to a toxic environment. According to the study, nearly a quarter of men believe women cannot refuse sex with their husbands, and 8% believe there are times when women deserve to be beaten.



The Covid-19 pandemic amplified these vulnerabilities, with intimate partner violence (IPV) surging during lockdowns. Economic strain and isolation left many women trapped with their abusers, further underscoring the link between systemic inequalities and GBV.



The HSRC study presents a range of recommendations to tackle GBV, including community interventions to challenge harmful norms, enhanced support systems for survivors, and economic empowerment initiatives.

South Africa : Illustration

Study Reiterates Hidden Drivers Of South Africa’s GBV Crisis

South African literary giant and anti-apartheid activist Breyten Breytenbach died peacefully in Paris on Sunday at the age of 85, with his wife Yolande by his side. Known for his fearless criticism of apartheid and innovative contributions to literature and the arts, Breytenbach&#8217;s work resonated deeply both locally and internationally.



A Voice Against Injustice



Born on September 16, 1939, in Bonnievale, Western Cape, Breytenbach emerged as a formidable poet, novelist, painter, and activist. Fellow poet Antjie Krog remarked: &#8220;He was a phenomenon within Afrikaans literature. Breyten&#8217;s writing was radical, but he was the first poet, I almost want to say writer, who also lived radically. Breyten confronted us with that thing of, &#8216;Okay, you&#8217;re against apartheid, but how are you living against apartheid?'&#8221;



His 1962 marriage to Yolande Ngo Thi Hoang Lien from Vietnam defied apartheid laws prohibiting interracial unions, marking the beginning of his lifelong resistance against oppression.



Exile and Imprisonment



Breytenbach&#8217;s outspoken opposition to apartheid led him to join Okhela, a separate ideological wing of the African National Congress in exile. In 1975, during a clandestine return to South Africa, he was arrested and charged with treason under the Terrorism Act. Sentenced to nine years in prison, he continued to write prolifically while incarcerated, producing works that would cement his status as a leading literary figure.



&#8220;Our sadness affords us another opportunity to pay tribute to Breyten Breytenbach for the bravery and perseverance with which he stood up to his persecution and prosecution by the apartheid state,&#8221; stated President Cyril Ramaphosa. &#8220;Fearful of his influence on the minority electorate in South Africa and on world opinion, the apartheid regime imprisoned him for opposing the system and channelling through his diverse art forms and political and fraternal affiliations the militancy, tragedy and resilience of our liberation struggle.&#8221;



A Legacy of Literary Excellence



After his release in 1982, Breytenbach returned to France, where he continued his activism and writing. His notable works include The True Confessions of an Albino Terrorist, an account of his imprisonment, and A Season in Paradise. His writings explored themes of exile, identity, and justice, influencing a generation of writers and activists.



&#8220;I don&#8217;t have the words. I don&#8217;t yet have the words to say everything he was. He leaves a huge void. He was the most exceptional being I have ever known. I am immensely proud to call him my father,&#8221; said his daughter, Daphnée Breytenbach, a journalist based in France. She shared cherished family moments, highlighting his role as a father and grandfather.



Global Tributes



The French presidency under Emmanuel Macron honored Breytenbach as a &#8220;ferryman of freedom,&#8221; acknowledging his deep connection to France and his role in awakening global consciences. &#8220;The President of the Republic salutes the figure of a great craftsman of human rights and freedom, who will always be a link between France and South Africa,&#8221; the statement read.



Author Justin Fox also remembered him fondly: &#8220;Breytie was witty, gentle, entertaining and a formidable intellect. He has been a part of my life since childhood. I&#8217;ve always looked up to Breyten as a kind of honorary uncle, an anchor in my life. So long, dearest Breytie; thank you for your generosity, kindness &#8230; and your brilliance.&#8221;



A Life That Inspired



Despite spending much of his life abroad, Breytenbach remained deeply connected to his South African roots. South African writer Antjie Krog emphasized his profound influence: &#8220;Breyten confronted us with that thing of, &#8216;Okay, you&#8217;re against apartheid, but how are you living against apartheid?'&#8221;



Breytenbach is survived by his wife Yolande, daughter Daphnée, and two grandsons. His passing marks the end of an era, but his legacy endures through his profound contributions to literature and human rights.

Authors by Ulf Andersen – Breyten Breytenbach

Remembering Breyten Breytenbach: The South African Poet Who Challenged Apartheid

The 29th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP29) in Baku, Azerbaijan, is a pivotal moment for African nations advocating for significant climate finance to address the dire consequences of climate change on the continent. The re-election of U.S. President Donald Trump, a known climate change skeptic, casts a shadow over negotiations, raising questions about future global commitments.



A Continent at a Crossroads



&#8220;Africa contributes the least to global greenhouse gas emissions yet suffers the most from climate change impacts,&#8221; says Dr Christopher Trisos, Senior Research Officer at the African Climate and Development Initiative (ACDI) at the University of Cape Town. In an interview with FORBES AFRICA,Trisos emphasizes the urgency: &#8220;The 2020s must be a decade of accelerated climate action if we are to limit the worst impacts of climate change. Delays now mean increased warming and more severe consequences for the continent.&#8221;



African nations face intensified droughts, floods, and extreme weather, threatening livelihoods and economies. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns Africa is among the most vulnerable continents due to high exposure and low adaptive capacity.



The Impact of Trump&#8217;s Re-election



Trump&#8217;s return introduces significant uncertainties into negotiations. &#8220;The re-election of Trump puts the U.S. delegation in a difficult position,&#8221; Trisos notes. &#8220;Having an outspoken climate change denier back in the White House is a setback for enhancing action within the United States and globally.&#8221;



Previously, Trump withdrew the U.S. from the Paris Agreement, undermining international efforts. His stance raises fears of diminished support for crucial climate initiatives. &#8220;It complicates the picture because with his isolationist and anti-climate action policies, the U.S. will be seen as a much less trusted partner,&#8221; Trisos adds.



South Africa&#8217;s Leadership and Challenges



As Africa&#8217;s most industrialized nation and largest emitter, South Africa plays a critical role, balancing economic development with the imperative to reduce emissions.



South Africa&#8217;s Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), announced at COP26, involves $8.5 billion in funding to support the shift from coal to renewables. However, implementation faces hurdles requiring a balance to increase renewables without constraining economic development.



The Quest for Equitable Climate Finance



At COP29&#8217;s heart is establishing a New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate finance. Despite a decade-old pledge by developed nations to mobilize $100 billion annually by 2020, this target hasn&#8217;t been fully met. &#8220;It&#8217;s widely acknowledged they missed that target,&#8221; says Trisos. &#8220;Developed countries often do the accounting themselves without independent audits, leading to disputes over actual amounts delivered.&#8221;



According to a report by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), developing countries require around $1.1 trillion annually from 2025, rising to $1.8 trillion by 2030. The NCQG aims to reflect these needs based on scientific assessments.



&#8220;Getting the climate finance right is essential,&#8221; Trisos asserts. &#8220;It&#8217;s not just about numbers; it&#8217;s about equitable distribution and ensuring that finance doesn&#8217;t increase debt burdens on developing nations.&#8221;



Voices from the Continent



At COP29, Ambassador Seyni Nafo, Coordinator of the Africa Adaptation Initiative, emphasized the need for increased climate finance. He stated, &#8220;The new collective quantified goal on climate finance must reflect the real needs of developing countries, particularly in Africa, to build resilience against climate impacts.&#8221;



Youth activists are making their voices heard. Ayakha Melithafa, a South African climate activist and member of the Presidential Climate Commission, stressed the importance of immediate action: &#8220;We are the generation that will face the consequences of inaction. Our leaders must commit to real change now.&#8221;



Challenges in Carbon Markets and Offsets



Carbon offsets and trading mechanisms are contentious at COP29. While they offer potential pathways for climate finance, concerns about effectiveness persist. &#8220;There have been recent scandals in voluntary carbon markets where the amount of carbon offset was inflated,&#8221; Trisos points out. &#8220;This undermines trust and can result in a worse situation if emissions are not genuinely reduced.&#8221;



Lack of robust regulations raises greenwashing risks. &#8220;The rules adopted are not clear enough on what happens if, for instance, a forest planted as a carbon offset burns down due to climate change,&#8221; he explains. &#8220;We need stringent standards to ensure environmental integrity.&#8221;



Navigating Global Conflicts and Military Emissions



Global conflicts and military activities add complexity. &#8220;The world&#8217;s militaries are massive emissions operations,&#8221; says Trisos. &#8220;For example, the U.S. military, if it were a country, would rank high globally in emissions.&#8221;



He cautions against militarizing climate solutions: &#8220;Viewing climate change as a security threat to be solved by militaries reduces the opportunity for creating a more just future through collaboration and equitable finance.&#8221;



Financing Africa’s Climate Future



Despite challenges, pathways to a sustainable future are emerging, and redirecting global finance toward climate action is essential. &#8220;There is more than sufficient global finance to address the climate crisis,&#8221; notes Trisos. &#8220;What&#8217;s missing is the regulation and political will to allocate that finance towards climate action rather than fossil fuels.&#8221;



Innovative financing mechanisms, like a global frequent flyers tax, could generate funds without burdening developing nations. African nations are prioritizing regional collaborations and renewable energy projects.



As COP29 progresses, urgency for concrete action intensifies. While Trump’s re-election raises uncertainties, African nations remain resolute. &#8220;Climate finance is not charity; it&#8217;s a matter of justice,&#8221; asserts Trisos. &#8220;Those who have contributed most to the climate crisis must support those who are bearing the brunt.&#8221;



Ultimately, COP29&#8217;s success hinges on nations’ ability to rise above political challenges and uphold commitments. &#8220;African countries are at a crossroads,&#8221; Trisos concludes. &#8220;The decisions made today will determine whether we can build a more sustainable and equitable future.&#8221;

COP29 UNFCCC Climate Conference In Baku

Africa’s Climate Finance Demands At COP29: Navigating Global Challenges Amid Trump’s Return

Prince William is in Cape Town on a four-day climate-focused tour, meeting with President Cyril Ramaphosa, engaging with young environmental leaders, and supporting wildlife conservation initiatives. His visit culminates with the presentation of the Earthshot Prize tonight, emphasizing his commitment to environmental conservation, youth empowerment, and strengthening ties between the United Kingdom and South Africa.



Meeting with President Ramaphosa



Prince William met President Cyril Ramaphosa to discuss mutual interests in sustainability, wildlife conservation, and climate change. The meeting reinforced the importance of international collaboration and strengthened the partnership between the two nations in pursuing sustainable development goals.


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="721" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-63587" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016-300x211.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016-768x541.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"> Prince William, Prince of Wales meets the President of South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa, at his Official Residence on November 5, 2024 in Cape Town. (Photo by Victoria Jones &#8211; Pool/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure></div>


United for Wildlife Initiative



At the United for Wildlife Global Summit in Cape Town, Prince William announced a new support package for rangers across Africa. The five-year plan aims to provide 10,000 rangers with access to affordable insurance, medical evacuation services, and leadership development opportunities.



&#8220;Rangers are fundamental if we are to meet our global conservation targets for 2030,&#8221; Prince William stated in a press release. Developed in partnership with Tusk Trust and the Game Rangers Association of Africa, the initiative seeks to enhance the welfare and professional development of those on the front lines of conservation.



Engaging with Youth Leaders



Prince William joined young environmentalists for the inaugural Earthshot Prize Climate Leaders Youth Programme. The initiative empowers young leaders through workshops on leadership, storytelling, and advocacy. Participants shared innovative solutions to climate challenges in their communities, fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange.



The Earthshot Prize in Africa



Hosting the Earthshot Prize in Cape Town marks its first time on African soil. Founded by Prince William in 2020, the prize recognizes groundbreaking environmental solutions, highlighting Africa&#8217;s growing role in global environmental innovation.



The ceremony near Cape Town Stadium will feature performances by international and African artists such as Davido, Diamond Platnumz and DJ Uncle Waffles, and will be broadcast globally. Five recipients will each receive £1 million to advance their projects in areas such as air quality improvement, ocean health, and climate resilience.



The Prince&#8217;s visit underscores the importance of international cooperation in environmental conservation. By engaging with government leaders, conservation professionals, and young activists, the tour highlights efforts to promote sustainability, protect wildlife, and empower future generations.

The Prince Of Wales Visits South Africa For The Earthshot Prize Awards – Day One

Prince William’s Visit to South Africa Highlights Conservation Efforts and Youth Empowerment

Post-election unrest in Mozambique intensifies with at least 11 dead and dozens injured amid nationwide protests and allegations of fraud in the recent general elections. Experts weigh in on the continued tension.



The aftermath of Mozambique&#8217;s 2024 general elections, held on October 9, has plunged the nation into public protests with a strong response from the government, potentially leading to further turmoil if the contested results are ratified by the judiciary on November 7. The ruling Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), in power since the southern African country’s independence from Portugal nearly half a century ago, is facing scrutiny following allegations of electoral fraud and irregularities from both independent observers and opposition parties.



A Nation on the Brink



&#8220;Mozambique is like a ticking time bomb in many respects, including high levels of repression and the rapidly rising cost of living,&#8221; says independent political analyst Marisa Lourenço in an interview with FORBES AFRICA.



The scale of the unrest reportedly marks the largest revolt in the country&#8217;s modern history. Protests have erupted nationwide, with significant incidents in Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, and Inhambane.



Contributing factors noted by Lourenço include deteriorating living standards and the increased cost of living, with civic demonstrations having been on the rise even before the election. &#8220;This isn’t sustainable, and popular frustration was bound to result in sustained levels of protest at some point,&#8221; she observes.



The protests intensified after independent presidential candidate Venâncio Mondlane contested the official election results, which declared FRELIMO&#8217;s Daniel Chapo the winner. Mondlane, who claims to have secured over 50% of the vote, has called for nationwide demonstrations and a general strike, urging citizens to protest against what he describes as a fraudulent electoral process. International observers have echoed these concerns. The European Union Election Observation Missions (EU EOM) noted &#8220;unjustified alteration&#8221; of election results at polling stations and district levels, urging Mozambican authorities to conduct the counting of ballots &#8220;in a transparent and credible manner&#8221;.



Youth at the Forefront



&#8220;We are certainly seeing a trend on the continent where young people are fed up with a government that does not produce results for them or essential services,&#8221; says Allan Ngari, Africa Advocacy Director at Human Rights Watch (HRW), to FORBES AFRICA. &#8220;And I think Mozambique is no exception.&#8221;



The significant role of young Mozambicans in the protests cannot be overstated. Lourenço adds: &#8220;It shows that youth are under huge pressure from the lack of economic opportunities for them, something that has been an issue for years and does not seem to be getting any better.&#8221;



Many of these young protesters did not experience Mozambique&#8217;s fight for independence and are seemingly disillusioned with the state of affairs, says Lourenço. &#8220;Young Mozambicans want change. They have lost faith in FRELIMO&#8217;s ability to bring that change… They have also lost faith in what was until this election, the main opposition, RENAMO. The only alternative that young people see is in a figure like Mondlane.&#8221;



Escalation of Violence



The situation escalated dramatically with the reported killing of Mondlane&#8217;s lawyer, Elvino Dias, and Podemos party member Paulo Guambe. Dias was preparing to submit a case contesting the early election results to Mozambique’s Constitutional Court before he was killed, allegedly by security forces, according to eyewitnesses interviewed by HRW.



Given the judiciary&#8217;s perceived lack of independence, many doubt that a timely or impartial investigation will occur, further eroding public trust.



HRW has condemned the crackdown. Ngari states, &#8220;The Mozambique security forces’ violent crackdown on protesters has severely increased political tensions following the country’s elections.&#8221;



HRW reports that security forces have killed at least 11 people and injured over 50 others using live bullets and tear gas…



“But it&#8217;s much more than that. That was our reporting as of last week, so the number has increased,&#8221; says Ngari.



Government and International Response



Mozambique&#8217;s government has doubled down, shifting responsibility for the violence onto the opposition. Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Verónica Macamo accused Mondlane of incitement. &#8220;The speeches of candidate Mondlane and his supporters created the favorable environment for the transformation of demonstrations — a constitutional right — into acts of vandalism, theft, and violence,&#8221; she said.



In an apparent attempt to stifle communication among protesters, access to the internet and social media platforms has been restricted several times over the last week, with residents in major metros reporting limited or no access, as confirmed by local journalists, who reported the outages as an effort to stifle the protests and organization.



Meanwhile, in addition to the EU EOM, Portugal, Mozambique’s former colonial ruler, as well as the African Union (AU) and the United States have also condemned the violence.



The Road Ahead 



Looking forward, the prospects for significant political change remain uncertain. As Mozambique grapples with this crisis, the demands for democratic reforms and accountability grow louder.



The government&#8217;s response to these protests will significantly influence the nation&#8217;s path forward. &#8220;FRELIMO took it a step too far by rigging the elections too blatantly, and undermining opposition candidate Venâncio Mondlane to a significant, obvious degree,&#8221; Lourenço concludes.



The hope for a peaceful resolution hinges on the government&#8217;s willingness to engage with the disillusioned youth and address the systemic issues fueling the unrest, and the final impact on the country itself remains to be seen. &#8220;Significant political change is unlikely, in my opinion, but protests are likely to continue sporadically over the coming weeks,&#8221; says Lourenço. &#8220;Eventually, FRELIMO will have to listen to the youth, in some form, to appease them.&#8221; <a id="_msocom_1"></a>

Voting begins in Mozambique to elect new president, parliament

Mozambique’s Election Crisis Deepens with Youth-Led Protests and Deaths

The 16th BRICS Summit commenced today in Kazan, Russia, uniting the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, alongside new member states such as Iran and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The summit’s agenda focuses on bolstering multilateralism and expanding the use of local currencies in intra-group trade, addressing some of the most pressing economic and geopolitical challenges facing the bloc today.



Held under the theme Strengthening Multilateralism for Just Global Development and Security, the summit, on until October 24, signals BRICS’ intention to reconfigure global governance structures in a more equitable and representative manner. The symbolic weight of holding this summit in Russia, amidst ongoing geopolitical tensions — particularly the war in Ukraine and escalating conflicts in Palestine and Lebanon — underscores BRICS’ ambition to position itself as a counterbalance to Western dominance, both economically and, potentially, politically.



Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was notably absent due to a health-related issue, but he commented on the proceedings remotely. Meanwhile, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, upon arriving in Kazan, met with Russian President Vladimir Putin to discuss mutual interests.



Highlighting BRICS&#8217; strategic importance, Ramaphosa emphasized in a statement, &#8220;BRICS plays an important role in a multipolar world, championing multilateralism, mutually beneficial cooperation, and sustainable development.&#8221;



As Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher at the South African Institute of International Affairs, explains to FORBES AFRICA: “For most BRICS members, it&#8217;s not about replacing the U.S. dollar but about creating systems that give members options to trade, particularly using local currencies within the group.” He stresses that the BRICS agenda, while ambitious, aims to build economic resilience without severing ties to the broader global financial system.



Several key issues dominate discussions, including the integration of new members and the push for local currencies in trade. Yet, questions remain about the bloc&#8217;s ability to fully implement its vision amidst internal tensions and external geopolitical conflicts.



Local Currencies in Intra-BRICS Trade: A Practical Shift?



At the core of the summit’s economic agenda is the push for greater use of local currencies in trade between BRICS members — a move aimed at reducing reliance on the U.S. dollar. While this initiative is often misinterpreted as de-dollarization, BRICS members clarify that it is not about replacing the dollar but rather providing greater flexibility in cross-border transactions.



“It’s not about replacing the U.S. dollar outright, but creating systems that provide BRICS members the option to trade in their local currencies,” explains Carvalho. This approach aims to mitigate the risks of exchange rate volatility and external sanctions while allowing BRICS members to strengthen financial independence.



However, the path to local currency adoption is fraught with challenges. For example, Russia&#8217;s surplus of Indian rupees has already raised concerns about how currency imbalances might complicate these efforts. &#8220;There are practical limitations, especially when one country ends up with a surplus of another&#8217;s currency,&#8221; Carvalho adds, highlighting that balancing trade flows will be critical to making local currency trade viable.



In response, BRICS Finance Ministers have been tasked with preparing reports on how to advance the use of local currencies and payment platforms, following a request made at the Johannesburg Summit in 2023. President Ramaphosa reinforced the strategic importance of these initiatives, noting, &#8220;BRICS now covers 43% of the world&#8217;s population&#8230; providing opportunities to develop mutually beneficial cooperation that contributes to sustainable growth.&#8221;



Despite the long-term potential, the shift toward local currencies is expected to be gradual. The focus at this summit is on laying the groundwork for more substantive changes in the years ahead.



Iran’s Inclusion in BRICS: Geopolitical Implications



The inclusion of Iran, especially in the context of ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, adds another layer of complexity to the BRICS dynamic. Iran’s membership brings significant geopolitical weight at a time when the country remains isolated by Western powers, particularly as tensions in Palestine and Lebanon intensify.



BRICS, while not a formal political or military alliance, presents a platform for countries like Iran to engage with global powers outside Western influence. Yet, this inclusion is not without its challenges. &#8220;Geopolitical issues within BRICS tend to be divisive, making coordinated positions on specific disputes challenging,&#8221; Carvalho notes, reflecting the potential for discord over how BRICS members approach contentious global issues.



The geopolitical dimensions of Iran’s membership also raise questions about BRICS’ ability to serve as a counterbalance to Western dominance. While the bloc seeks to promote multilateralism, its capacity to form a unified stance on complex geopolitical matters — especially those involving longstanding regional disputes — remains uncertain. President Ramaphosa, however, remains optimistic, stating, &#8220;A founding value of BRICS is the shared vision of the urgent need to restructure global governance to be more fair, just, and representative.&#8221;



 Expanding BRICS



While the inclusion of new members like Iran and the UAE has been a focal point at the summit, further expansion is unlikely in the near future. Instead, BRICS is prioritizing its outreach program. The BRICS+ format, first introduced at the 2017 Shanghai Summit, allows non-member states to engage in development finance, trade, and infrastructure initiatives without full membership commitments.



Reports from BRICS Foreign Ministers on the development of the Partner Country model will be pivotal in shaping this program’s future. &#8220;While the possibility of expansion exists, it seems unlikely at this stage,&#8221; Carvalho notes, emphasizing that BRICS is more focused on refining its existing framework than rushing toward further enlargement.



The outreach program aims to foster partnerships across Africa, Asia, and Latin America, while maintaining BRICS&#8217; internal cohesion. By clarifying the roles of partner countries, the bloc seeks to expand its global influence without compromising its core mission of promoting economic cooperation among its members.



As the 2024 BRICS Summit progresses, the decisions made in Kazan will set the stage for the bloc’s future, particularly as Brazil prepares to take over the presidency in 2025.

Russian President Vladimir Putin meets with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa in Kazan

Ramaphosa Meets With Putin At BRICS 2024 In Russia: Pushing For Global Governance Reform Amid Shifting Geopolitical Tides

The 2024 general elections in Mozambique seems to have highlighted tensions between the ruling party’s revolutionary past and present-day challenges as allegations of irregularities cast a shadow over the vote.



The 2024 general elections in Mozambique marks a pivotal moment in the nation’s political landscape.



Despite the backdrop of insurgency in the north and concerns raised by some observers, the long-dominant ruling party, the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), is expected to secure a decisive victory, with preliminary reports indicating a lead in all 11 provinces, including the capital city of Maputo.



However, FRELIMO, which has governed the country since its independence from Portugal, almost half a century ago, reportedly faces growing scrutiny over alleged election irregularities. As the party seeks to retain control, it may contend with accusations of increasingly authoritarian rule and manipulation.



“This is a structural problem of election rigging,” says Borges Nhamirre, a political analyst at the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) to FORBES AFRICA, indicating that such issues are not new, adding, “the results from the polls are not the ones published by the electoral bodies”.



A Contested Field



The presidential race featured several parties, including the ruling FRELIMO, the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), and the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM). Daniel Chapo, FRELIMO’s candidate, is set to succeed current President Filipe Nyusi, should the party obtain victory.



RENAMO, historically the primary opposition, appears to be losing some of its influence as indicated by preliminary vote reports. Meanwhile, MDM’s Lutero Simango and independent candidate Venâncio Mondlane have sought to challenge FRELIMO’s dominance, with Mondlane standing as a notable contender.



Access and Oversight



According to a preliminary report from the European Union Election Observation Mission (EU EOM), “There was a notable lack of confidence in the reliability of the electoral register and on the independence of the electoral bodies”.



In a press release issued recently, Laura Ballarín, Chief Observer of the EU EOM, noted that FRELIMO benefited from “the misuse of state resources”, creating an uneven platform for other parties. She added that their “observers reported a slow counting process which suffered from disorganization and lack of clarity”.



Despite these concerns, the voting process was described as orderly. The EU EOM deployed 179 observers across Mozambique, though Ballarín acknowledged the lack of confidence in “the reliability of the electoral register and the independence of the electoral bodies”.



The Southern African Development Community (SADC) also had a significant presence, deploying 53 observers from 10 member states.



Dr Amani Abeid Karume, Head of the SADC Electoral Observation Mission, emphasized that the elections would be evaluated against SADC’s Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections.



While both SADC and EU observers noted peaceful conduct on election day, access to polling stations was not without its challenges. Some observers were reportedly denied access – a trend Borges criticized. “Observers only covered 1% of polling stations, mostly in city centers, and didn’t witness the broader issues,” he suggests.



Irregularities and Allegations of Fraud



Reports of inconsistencies have raised questions about FRELIMO’s anticipated victory. Borges pointed to areas with more registered voters than the eligible voting-age population, describing it as a “manipulation” tactic. He also alleged non-citizen voting, saying it’s “not uncommon for Zimbabweans to vote”, reflecting long-standing concerns over Mozambique’s electoral integrity.



These irregularities were noted by both local observers and international missions.



A Country on Edge



The credibility of Mozambique’s election process remains under scrutiny, with frustrations reportedly growing among citizens.



The EU EOM plans to release a final report with recommendations in the coming weeks, which they hope will prompt electoral reforms. Meanwhile, SADC’s Karume has called on Mozambique’s political stakeholders to respect divergent political views and exercise responsibility, stressing the importance of stability.



As Mozambique navigates these challenges, the elections serve as a litmus test for the resilience of its democratic institutions and the extent to which the public will tolerate any perceived injustices.

Mozambique Elections: Results Trickling In Amidst Alleged Controversies

In a world that demands rapid results, Professors Salim and Quarraisha Abdool Karim have spent decades proving that patience and persistence can save lives. Recognized as a collaborative force driving advancements in HIV prevention, they recently received the 2024 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, a prize often referred to as ‘America’s Nobel’. This award honors their transformative contributions to HIV/AIDS research and their leadership during Covid-19. As the Lasker Foundation noted in a press release announcing the award, the duo are celebrated “for illuminating key drivers of heterosexual HIV transmission and introducing life-saving approaches with which to prevent and treat HIV”.&nbsp;



Starting his research journey in apartheid-era South Africa, Prof Salim’s first published paper, written in his third year of medical school, tackled health disparities among racial groups — an early indication of his commitment to addressing the social context within public health. “Addressing inequality and empowering the vulnerable has always been integral to our approach,” he emphasizes to FORBES AFRICA, underscoring how public health can never be divorced from the societal behaviors and contexts from which it arises.



Salim recalls their return to South Africa in the late 1980s, knowing the scale of the HIV crisis they would face. “When we came back from New York in 1988, we saw the devastation HIV was causing. We knew this would be a massive problem in South Africa, and we had to act.” Over the next 18 years, the couple encountered countless setbacks but persevered, leading to the development of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), now the gold standard for HIV prevention.



“For 18 years, all we did was fail. We went from one study to another, learning as we went,” Salim reflects. “But we kept going because the problem wasn’t going away.” Their persistence culminated in assisting a major breakthrough, as PrEP revolutionized HIV prevention, particularly for women.



Karims’ work has always been intertwined with social justice. “For us, research was always about more than just science; it was a way to address inequality and empower the vulnerable,” Salim explains. They tackled HIV from a sociological angle, addressing factors like age-disparate sex that disproportionately affected young, economically disadvantaged women. “HIV isn’t just a virus — it’s deeply influenced by social factors. That’s something we had to factor into our research.”



When Covid-19 emerged, they quickly adapted to confront this new pandemic. “In just two weeks, we had the virus sequence and were racing to understand it. Everything was moving fast, but our experience with HIV helped us adapt,” Salim recalls. Their swift response highlighted their value as public health leaders, offering guidance not only to South Africa but also to institutions like the WHO and Africa CDC.



For young scientists, Salim distills their journey into a simple formula: Passion, Excellence, and Perseverance, or “PEP.” “Find something that excites you, pursue excellence, and above all, persevere. Success often lies on the far side of failure,” he advises. This wisdom, born from decades of challenges and achievements, offers a blueprint for future public health leaders.



Despite their accolades, the pair are not resting on their laurels. They continue to work on long-acting HIV prevention strategies and are preparing for future pandemics. For them, the Lasker-Bloomberg Award is not the end — it is a milestone that fuels their ongoing mission. As Salim aptly puts it, “We’ve spent a lifetime failing and learning, but ultimately, we’ve changed what’s possible.”

Quarraisha and Salim Abdool Karim (Image supplied)

‘Research Is A Way To Address Inequality And Empower The Vulnerable’: South African Professor-Couple Win Award For Game-Changing HIV-Prevention Work

As the world commemorates the 120th anniversary of the Phoenix Settlement and Mahatma Gandhi’s 155th birth anniversary, the settlement and his legacy remain powerful symbols of non-violent resistance and social justice. A new book and a special event mark this occasion.



The Phoenix Settlement, established in 1904 by Mahatma Gandhi in the lush hills of Inanda, in South Africa’s coastal KwaZulu-Natal province, was much more than a communal living space; it was the birthplace of Gandhi’s revolutionary philosophy of Satyagraha. His aim was to create a self-sustaining community built on principles of non-violence, truth, and self-reliance. Phoenix would go on to play a crucial role in shaping his ideas on justice and equality, principles that would later drive India’s independence movement.



“The Phoenix Settlement embodies Gandhi’s African legacy not only for South Africa but for the world,” says Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. Her book, Gandhi’s African Legacy: Phoenix Settlement 1904 to 2024. A History Through Letters, which will be launched at a special event on October 5, provides a unique window into the settlement’s history, traced not just through Gandhi’s letters, but through the correspondence of his family, particularly Manilal Gandhi, his wife Sushila, and their children Sita, Arun and Ela Gandhi. These letters reveal the immense struggles faced in preserving Gandhi’s legacy while resisting the social injustices of the time.



At Phoenix, Gandhi set up a printing press for his newspaper, Indian Opinion, which was printed in multiple languages — Tamil, Hindi, Gujarati, and English. The newspaper became a vital tool in Gandhi’s fight against injustice, giving a voice to both Indian and African communities in South Africa. Through its pages, Gandhi articulated the principles of Satyagraha — a strategy of civil disobedience rooted in non-violence that would later inspire global movements for justice.



The years Gandhi spent in South Africa were pivotal in shaping his world-renowned philosophy of non-violent resistance. The Phoenix Settlement was a microcosm of the principles Gandhi would later apply to India’s struggle for independence.



It was here that he, his family, and other settlers practised communal farming and manual labor, embodying his ideals of simplicity, self-sufficiency, and equality.



According to Dhupelia-Mesthrie, Gandhi’s vision for Phoenix was inspired by his desire to “experiment with a different form of living that challenged settler society’s segregationist ideals”. He aimed to create a community that embodied inter-faith harmony, upliftment of women, and an equitable labor system where workers earned equal wages regardless of skill. Phoenix became known as a ‘Satyagraha Farm’, a place where young people could be educated in non-violent resistance and prepared to challenge injustices. “Gandhi always believed that the power to transform society lay in the hands of ordinary people,” Dhupelia-Mesthrie explains.



He described Satyagraha as “the force which is born of truth and love or non-violence”.



The settlement became a living example of how collective wellbeing could take precedence over individual gain.



When Gandhi left South Africa in 1914 to return to India, his son Manilal Gandhi took up the mantle, leading the settlement and continuing the publication of Indian Opinion. Under Manilal’s leadership, the newspaper advocated for non-racialism, and he himself became deeply involved in South Africa’s broader fight against apartheid. His wife, Sushila, would later assume leadership of the settlement, ensuring it remained a hub for activism and education until her death.



The Inanda Riots of 1985 severely damaged the settlement, but it has since been restored thanks to efforts by the Phoenix Settlement Trust and the Gandhi family. Today, the settlement houses a museum, a clinic, and Gandhi’s original home, continuing its legacy as a place of learning and inspiration.



The Phoenix Settlement offers enduring leadership lessons that resonate today. Gandhi’s approach to truth, integrity, and ethical leadership is particularly relevant in a world grappling with complex social and economic challenges. His model of leadership, rooted in non-violent resistance and communal good, provides a framework for ethical governance and inclusive decision-making. For modern business leaders, these lessons are just as powerful.



The 120th-anniversary celebration of Phoenix Settlement will culminate in the launch of Dhupelia-Mesthrie’s book. According to her, Gandhi’s African legacy speaks directly to today’s most pressing challenges: how to live harmoniously in the face of differences, how to conduct oneself ethically, and how to resist injustices non-violently. As the world grapples with issues like climate change, inequality, and social unrest, Gandhi’s time at Phoenix serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of non-violent resistance, ethical governance, and the pursuit of justice for all.

place-2019-01-17-4-99c3d54429daaf2ff87c74419a831ebc

‘Legacy Not Only For South Africa But For The World’: 120 Years Of Gandhi’s Phoenix

President Cyril Ramaphosa has signed the contentious Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law, sparking debate over its potential impact on mother-tongue education and school governance in the country.



President Cyril Ramaphosa signed the Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law on September 13, 2024, marking a significant shift in South Africa’s education landscape.



The new legislation, aimed at addressing inequalities and improving educational standards, has been met with both support and fierce opposition, particularly concerning its provisions on language policy and school admissions.



A Landmark Bill with Controversial Provisions



The BELA Bill introduces a range of significant changes to South Africa’s education system. It grants the government authority over school admissions and the language of instruction, ensuring centralized regulation.



The bill also tightens homeschooling regulations, requiring parents to follow stricter registration procedures. In cases where parents fail to ensure their child’s school attendance, they could face legal penalties, including jail time.



Another key provision is the introduction of Grade R as the compulsory school starting level for children aged four to five, shifting the entry age to earlier than before. The bill reinforces the abolition of corporal punishment, further solidifying South Africa’s commitment to a non-violent educational environment.



The African National Congress (ANC) has championed the bill as a necessary step toward addressing educational inequalities inherited from apartheid, especially in schools serving Black communities, which continue to lag in resources and outcomes compared to historically white institutions.



Language Policy at the Heart of the Debate



The most contentious aspect of the Bill — government’s increased control over language policies — has ignited backlash from coalition partners and civil rights groups.



The Democratic Alliance (DA), now a key member of the ruling Government of National Unity (GNU), has criticized the bill for undermining the right to mother-tongue education, particularly in schools where Afrikaans is the medium of instruction.



John Steenhuisen, leader of the DA, argued that the bill, while targeting underperforming schools, unfairly penalizes well-functioning institutions, particularly those offering instruction in Afrikaans.



“Successful single-medium Afrikaans schools are under continuous pressure to accept learners who want English instruction, while single-medium English schools face no such demands,” adds Alana Bailey, Head of Cultural Affairs at AfriForum.



The Case for Centralization



The ANC’s defense of the language provisions is rooted in its argument that some schools have used language policies to exclude learners, especially Black students.



“The BELA Bill seeks to ensure that every South African child, regardless of race or background, has equal access to quality education,” said ANC Member of Parliament Elleck Nchabeleng, who chairs the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Basic Education.



However, critics argue that this approach risks erasing cultural diversity in schools. Afrika Tikkun, a leading youth development organization, supports the bill’s goals but cautions that it must not come at the expense of local autonomy and cultural sensitivity.



Navigating the Future of South African Education



The passing of the bill has exposed reported rifts within the GNU, with President Ramaphosa facing accusations of unilaterally pushing through the legislation without adequately consulting coalition partners.



As the government moves forward with its implementation, the next three months of consultations on language and admission policies will prove critical. While it holds promise in addressing historic inequalities, its success will depend on how well the government balances the need for standardization with the importance of preserving South Africa’s rich linguistic and cultural diversity.

South Africa Signs New Health Law

The BELA Bill: Potential Turning Point For South Africa’s Education System

Pravin Gordhan, the former South African Minister of Finance and a prominent figure in the fight against state capture, passed away today at the age of 75, following a short battle with cancer.



His family in a statement issued this morning, said Gordhan &#8220;passed away peacefully in hospital surrounded by his family, closest friends and his lifelong comrades in the liberation struggle.&#8221;



Gordhan’s death marks the end of a 50-year political career, spanning multiple critical roles in South Africa’s government, most notably as the Minister of Finance during some of the country’s most turbulent years. Known for his commitment to integrity and reform, Gordhan also played a key role in South Africa’s transition to democracy, earning respect both locally and internationally for his contribution to building robust state institutions.



Gordhan, who was admitted to Johannesburg’s Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre on Wednesday, September 11, passed away two days later. His hospitalization drew the attention of many, as vigils were held in his honor, symbolizing the deep respect he garnered from his comrades and the public.



President Cyril Ramaphosa, expressing his sorrow at the passing of Gordhan in a statement issued today, hailed him as &#8220;an outstanding leader whose unassuming persona belied the depth of intellect, integrity, and energy with which he undertook his activism, his duty as a parliamentarian, and his roles as a member of Cabinet.&#8221; The President further acknowledged the personal sacrifices Gordhan made, not only for the country but also in his family life, stating, &#8220;Pravin Gordhan and his family were deprived of much needed and deserved time together.&#8221;



A Fighter Against State Capture



Although Gordhan&#8217;s political career had many significant moments, his role in fighting corruption, especially during former President Jacob Zuma&#8217;s administration, cemented his legacy. Appointed as Finance Minister twice, first from 2009 to 2014 and again from 2015 to 2017, Gordhan became a key figure in resisting what would later be known as state capture — a period of systematic looting of state resources and corruption facilitated by the Zuma-Gupta alliance.



His courageous stand against corruption led to relentless attacks on his character and reputation. He was subjected to disinformation campaigns, legal harassment, and smear efforts, spearheaded by senior ANC figures loyal to Zuma. Despite this, Gordhan remained resolute, stating that his duty was to uphold the Constitution and protect South Africa’s democratic institutions.



A Career of Service



Gordhan&#8217;s public life began long before his time in government. Born in Durban on April 12, 1949, he was an active member of the anti-apartheid struggle, working closely with organizations such as the Natal Indian Congress and serving as a member of the African National Congress’s (ANC) underground military wing. His activism in the 1970s and 1980s, which led to multiple arrests and detentions by apartheid authorities, shaped his commitment to social justice.



During the country’s transition to democracy, Gordhan played a key role in the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), helping to negotiate the logistics of South Africa&#8217;s first free and fair election. He was later appointed the first Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service (SARS) in 1998, where he earned accolades for transforming the institution into one of the most efficient and transparent tax agencies globally.



Even though his last role as Minister of Public Enterprises, from 2018 to 2024, was fraught with challenges, including the continued crisis at Eskom and SAA, Gordhan’s contributions to strengthening South Africa’s institutions will be remembered.



President Ramaphosa echoed this sentiment: &#8220;As a beacon of our fight against corruption, Pravin Gordhan stood up to derision and threats emanating from some in our nation who were scorched by his insistence that justice be dispensed.&#8221;

GettyImages-12418713802

Former South African Minister of Finance and ANC Stalwart Pravin Gordhan Passes Away

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa is currently in China for his second state visit, along with his participation in the Summit of The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) this week. This visit underscores a deepening of bilateral relations, focusing on trade negotiations, political alignment, and strategic financial cooperation, signaling a strengthening of both political and economic ties between the two nations.



&#8220;We are seeking to shift the structure of our trade profile and deepen our investment relationship,” President Ramaphosa emphasized during his address to the SA-China Business Forum. “It is up to us to seize these opportunities and take the economic relationship between our two countries to the next level.&#8221;



Since the formalization of diplomatic relations in 1998, the partnership between South Africa and China has grown significantly. The cooperation has expanded year-on-year, not only in trade and investment but also through broader strategic initiatives, such as their mutual membership in the BRICS bloc. China is South Africa’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade reaching almost $40 billion in 2023.



Veteran economist Dawie Roodt is clear in highlighting the import of strengthening trade relations with such an economic powerhouse, but also makes clear the importance of shifting the nature of such trade in a manner beneficial to South Africa.



“By purchasing power parity, the Chinese economy is the largest in the world,” says Roodt in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. “I do hope that something will come from this in terms of China actually importing more manufactured goods from South Africa.”



China appears to have listened. During today’s session of the FOCAC Summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged nearly $51 billion in new funding for Africa over the next three years, signaling a strong commitment to deepening China-Africa relations.



This funding includes support for 30 infrastructure projects and 30 clean energy initiatives across the continent, emphasizing China&#8217;s strategic shift toward sustainable development. &#8220;China is ready to deepen cooperation with African countries in industry, agriculture, infrastructure, trade, and investment,&#8221; President Xi stated in today’s address, underscoring the importance of building a &#8220;China-Africa network featuring land-sea links and coordinated development&#8221;. South African exports to China are primarily focused on minerals and agriculture, while imports from China consist largely of manufactured goods. However, the trade imbalance remains a concern, with South Africa importing about twice as much from China as it exports. President Ramaphosa reiterated this concern during his meetings with Chinese leaders, stating, &#8220;We would like to narrow the trade deficit and address the structure of our trade.&#8221;



China’s increasing economic footprint in Africa is also a critical factor in the relationship. With loans totaling $4.61 billion to the continent last year and a growing number of developmental projects, China’s influence in Africa continues to expand. This expansion is not without strategic implications. As part of the broader Belt and Road Initiative, China&#8217;s investments in infrastructure, technology, and renewable energy align with its goals to build stronger ties with African nations.



For South Africa, this means leveraging these investments to boost local manufacturing and job creation. &#8220;We urge for more sustainable manufacturing and job-creating investments,&#8221; President Ramaphosa said, reflecting South Africa&#8217;s push for development that extends beyond raw materials and goods.



This goal appears to be reciprocated, with China aiming to expand market access and facilitate technology transfers, which could benefit South Africa by boosting local industries and creating jobs. With a promise to create at least one million jobs in Africa and to provide $70 billion in fresh investments by Chinese companies as part of the overall funding package, these commitments align with South Africa&#8217;s goals to diversify its economy and reduce its trade deficit with China. This development presents opportunities for South Africa to enhance its export profile, particularly in manufactured goods and value-added products.



On the political front, both nations operate under the framework of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP). However, discussions during this visit included a proposal to upgrade the relationship to an All-Round Strategic Cooperative Partnership in a New Era. This new level of partnership would not only increase trade ties and commercial commitments but also enhance political alignment, a move clearly indicated in the joint statement issued by both countries on Monday. The statement reaffirmed South Africa’s support for the “One-China policy” and recognized Taiwan as &#8220;an inalienable part of China.&#8221;



Despite this greater political closeness, Roodt is not cynical as to how this might affect South Africa’s broader international relations, but highlighted that this step should not be seen as the sole point around which the country’s trade pivots. “I don&#8217;t think this is going to be an obstacle to our trade and our relationship with other countries, especially the West… As a small, developing, and open economy, South Africa would like to do business with everybody, and establish similar agreements with other countries as well.”



Additionally, both leaders agreed to strengthen cooperation in governance, green technologies, and digital transformation, underscoring the importance of mutual learning and technological exchange. This aligns with South Africa&#8217;s goal to modernize its economy and move towards sustainable development.



As discussions continue, South Africa is poised to advocate for better terms in its economic dealings with China, seeking to balance its trade deficit while expanding cooperation in critical areas such as renewable energy, technology, and infrastructure. The outcomes of these negotiations will likely shape the future trajectory of China-South Africa relations and their collective impact on the African continent&#8217;s economic landscape.

Yeshiel Panchia

FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA