The 29th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP29) in Baku, Azerbaijan, is a pivotal moment for African nations advocating for significant climate finance to address the dire consequences of climate change on the continent. The re-election of U.S. President Donald Trump, a known climate change skeptic, casts a shadow over negotiations, raising questions about future global commitments.



A Continent at a Crossroads



&#8220;Africa contributes the least to global greenhouse gas emissions yet suffers the most from climate change impacts,&#8221; says Dr Christopher Trisos, Senior Research Officer at the African Climate and Development Initiative (ACDI) at the University of Cape Town. In an interview with FORBES AFRICA,Trisos emphasizes the urgency: &#8220;The 2020s must be a decade of accelerated climate action if we are to limit the worst impacts of climate change. Delays now mean increased warming and more severe consequences for the continent.&#8221;



African nations face intensified droughts, floods, and extreme weather, threatening livelihoods and economies. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warns Africa is among the most vulnerable continents due to high exposure and low adaptive capacity.



The Impact of Trump&#8217;s Re-election



Trump&#8217;s return introduces significant uncertainties into negotiations. &#8220;The re-election of Trump puts the U.S. delegation in a difficult position,&#8221; Trisos notes. &#8220;Having an outspoken climate change denier back in the White House is a setback for enhancing action within the United States and globally.&#8221;



Previously, Trump withdrew the U.S. from the Paris Agreement, undermining international efforts. His stance raises fears of diminished support for crucial climate initiatives. &#8220;It complicates the picture because with his isolationist and anti-climate action policies, the U.S. will be seen as a much less trusted partner,&#8221; Trisos adds.



South Africa&#8217;s Leadership and Challenges



As Africa&#8217;s most industrialized nation and largest emitter, South Africa plays a critical role, balancing economic development with the imperative to reduce emissions.



South Africa&#8217;s Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), announced at COP26, involves $8.5 billion in funding to support the shift from coal to renewables. However, implementation faces hurdles requiring a balance to increase renewables without constraining economic development.



The Quest for Equitable Climate Finance



At COP29&#8217;s heart is establishing a New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate finance. Despite a decade-old pledge by developed nations to mobilize $100 billion annually by 2020, this target hasn&#8217;t been fully met. &#8220;It&#8217;s widely acknowledged they missed that target,&#8221; says Trisos. &#8220;Developed countries often do the accounting themselves without independent audits, leading to disputes over actual amounts delivered.&#8221;



According to a report by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), developing countries require around $1.1 trillion annually from 2025, rising to $1.8 trillion by 2030. The NCQG aims to reflect these needs based on scientific assessments.



&#8220;Getting the climate finance right is essential,&#8221; Trisos asserts. &#8220;It&#8217;s not just about numbers; it&#8217;s about equitable distribution and ensuring that finance doesn&#8217;t increase debt burdens on developing nations.&#8221;



Voices from the Continent



At COP29, Ambassador Seyni Nafo, Coordinator of the Africa Adaptation Initiative, emphasized the need for increased climate finance. He stated, &#8220;The new collective quantified goal on climate finance must reflect the real needs of developing countries, particularly in Africa, to build resilience against climate impacts.&#8221;



Youth activists are making their voices heard. Ayakha Melithafa, a South African climate activist and member of the Presidential Climate Commission, stressed the importance of immediate action: &#8220;We are the generation that will face the consequences of inaction. Our leaders must commit to real change now.&#8221;



Challenges in Carbon Markets and Offsets



Carbon offsets and trading mechanisms are contentious at COP29. While they offer potential pathways for climate finance, concerns about effectiveness persist. &#8220;There have been recent scandals in voluntary carbon markets where the amount of carbon offset was inflated,&#8221; Trisos points out. &#8220;This undermines trust and can result in a worse situation if emissions are not genuinely reduced.&#8221;



Lack of robust regulations raises greenwashing risks. &#8220;The rules adopted are not clear enough on what happens if, for instance, a forest planted as a carbon offset burns down due to climate change,&#8221; he explains. &#8220;We need stringent standards to ensure environmental integrity.&#8221;



Navigating Global Conflicts and Military Emissions



Global conflicts and military activities add complexity. &#8220;The world&#8217;s militaries are massive emissions operations,&#8221; says Trisos. &#8220;For example, the U.S. military, if it were a country, would rank high globally in emissions.&#8221;



He cautions against militarizing climate solutions: &#8220;Viewing climate change as a security threat to be solved by militaries reduces the opportunity for creating a more just future through collaboration and equitable finance.&#8221;



Financing Africa’s Climate Future



Despite challenges, pathways to a sustainable future are emerging, and redirecting global finance toward climate action is essential. &#8220;There is more than sufficient global finance to address the climate crisis,&#8221; notes Trisos. &#8220;What&#8217;s missing is the regulation and political will to allocate that finance towards climate action rather than fossil fuels.&#8221;



Innovative financing mechanisms, like a global frequent flyers tax, could generate funds without burdening developing nations. African nations are prioritizing regional collaborations and renewable energy projects.



As COP29 progresses, urgency for concrete action intensifies. While Trump’s re-election raises uncertainties, African nations remain resolute. &#8220;Climate finance is not charity; it&#8217;s a matter of justice,&#8221; asserts Trisos. &#8220;Those who have contributed most to the climate crisis must support those who are bearing the brunt.&#8221;



Ultimately, COP29&#8217;s success hinges on nations’ ability to rise above political challenges and uphold commitments. &#8220;African countries are at a crossroads,&#8221; Trisos concludes. &#8220;The decisions made today will determine whether we can build a more sustainable and equitable future.&#8221;

COP29 UNFCCC Climate Conference In Baku

Africa’s Climate Finance Demands At COP29: Navigating Global Challenges Amid Trump’s Return

Prince William is in Cape Town on a four-day climate-focused tour, meeting with President Cyril Ramaphosa, engaging with young environmental leaders, and supporting wildlife conservation initiatives. His visit culminates with the presentation of the Earthshot Prize tonight, emphasizing his commitment to environmental conservation, youth empowerment, and strengthening ties between the United Kingdom and South Africa.



Meeting with President Ramaphosa



Prince William met President Cyril Ramaphosa to discuss mutual interests in sustainability, wildlife conservation, and climate change. The meeting reinforced the importance of international collaboration and strengthened the partnership between the two nations in pursuing sustainable development goals.


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="721" src="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-63587" srcset="https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016.jpg 1024w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016-300x211.jpg 300w, https://cms.forbesafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2182365016-768x541.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"> Prince William, Prince of Wales meets the President of South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa, at his Official Residence on November 5, 2024 in Cape Town. (Photo by Victoria Jones &#8211; Pool/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure></div>


United for Wildlife Initiative



At the United for Wildlife Global Summit in Cape Town, Prince William announced a new support package for rangers across Africa. The five-year plan aims to provide 10,000 rangers with access to affordable insurance, medical evacuation services, and leadership development opportunities.



&#8220;Rangers are fundamental if we are to meet our global conservation targets for 2030,&#8221; Prince William stated in a press release. Developed in partnership with Tusk Trust and the Game Rangers Association of Africa, the initiative seeks to enhance the welfare and professional development of those on the front lines of conservation.



Engaging with Youth Leaders



Prince William joined young environmentalists for the inaugural Earthshot Prize Climate Leaders Youth Programme. The initiative empowers young leaders through workshops on leadership, storytelling, and advocacy. Participants shared innovative solutions to climate challenges in their communities, fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange.



The Earthshot Prize in Africa



Hosting the Earthshot Prize in Cape Town marks its first time on African soil. Founded by Prince William in 2020, the prize recognizes groundbreaking environmental solutions, highlighting Africa&#8217;s growing role in global environmental innovation.



The ceremony near Cape Town Stadium will feature performances by international and African artists such as Davido, Diamond Platnumz and DJ Uncle Waffles, and will be broadcast globally. Five recipients will each receive £1 million to advance their projects in areas such as air quality improvement, ocean health, and climate resilience.



The Prince&#8217;s visit underscores the importance of international cooperation in environmental conservation. By engaging with government leaders, conservation professionals, and young activists, the tour highlights efforts to promote sustainability, protect wildlife, and empower future generations.

The Prince Of Wales Visits South Africa For The Earthshot Prize Awards – Day One

Prince William’s Visit to South Africa Highlights Conservation Efforts and Youth Empowerment

Post-election unrest in Mozambique intensifies with at least 11 dead and dozens injured amid nationwide protests and allegations of fraud in the recent general elections. Experts weigh in on the continued tension.



The aftermath of Mozambique&#8217;s 2024 general elections, held on October 9, has plunged the nation into public protests with a strong response from the government, potentially leading to further turmoil if the contested results are ratified by the judiciary on November 7. The ruling Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), in power since the southern African country’s independence from Portugal nearly half a century ago, is facing scrutiny following allegations of electoral fraud and irregularities from both independent observers and opposition parties.



A Nation on the Brink



&#8220;Mozambique is like a ticking time bomb in many respects, including high levels of repression and the rapidly rising cost of living,&#8221; says independent political analyst Marisa Lourenço in an interview with FORBES AFRICA.



The scale of the unrest reportedly marks the largest revolt in the country&#8217;s modern history. Protests have erupted nationwide, with significant incidents in Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, and Inhambane.



Contributing factors noted by Lourenço include deteriorating living standards and the increased cost of living, with civic demonstrations having been on the rise even before the election. &#8220;This isn’t sustainable, and popular frustration was bound to result in sustained levels of protest at some point,&#8221; she observes.



The protests intensified after independent presidential candidate Venâncio Mondlane contested the official election results, which declared FRELIMO&#8217;s Daniel Chapo the winner. Mondlane, who claims to have secured over 50% of the vote, has called for nationwide demonstrations and a general strike, urging citizens to protest against what he describes as a fraudulent electoral process. International observers have echoed these concerns. The European Union Election Observation Missions (EU EOM) noted &#8220;unjustified alteration&#8221; of election results at polling stations and district levels, urging Mozambican authorities to conduct the counting of ballots &#8220;in a transparent and credible manner&#8221;.



Youth at the Forefront



&#8220;We are certainly seeing a trend on the continent where young people are fed up with a government that does not produce results for them or essential services,&#8221; says Allan Ngari, Africa Advocacy Director at Human Rights Watch (HRW), to FORBES AFRICA. &#8220;And I think Mozambique is no exception.&#8221;



The significant role of young Mozambicans in the protests cannot be overstated. Lourenço adds: &#8220;It shows that youth are under huge pressure from the lack of economic opportunities for them, something that has been an issue for years and does not seem to be getting any better.&#8221;



Many of these young protesters did not experience Mozambique&#8217;s fight for independence and are seemingly disillusioned with the state of affairs, says Lourenço. &#8220;Young Mozambicans want change. They have lost faith in FRELIMO&#8217;s ability to bring that change… They have also lost faith in what was until this election, the main opposition, RENAMO. The only alternative that young people see is in a figure like Mondlane.&#8221;



Escalation of Violence



The situation escalated dramatically with the reported killing of Mondlane&#8217;s lawyer, Elvino Dias, and Podemos party member Paulo Guambe. Dias was preparing to submit a case contesting the early election results to Mozambique’s Constitutional Court before he was killed, allegedly by security forces, according to eyewitnesses interviewed by HRW.



Given the judiciary&#8217;s perceived lack of independence, many doubt that a timely or impartial investigation will occur, further eroding public trust.



HRW has condemned the crackdown. Ngari states, &#8220;The Mozambique security forces’ violent crackdown on protesters has severely increased political tensions following the country’s elections.&#8221;



HRW reports that security forces have killed at least 11 people and injured over 50 others using live bullets and tear gas…



“But it&#8217;s much more than that. That was our reporting as of last week, so the number has increased,&#8221; says Ngari.



Government and International Response



Mozambique&#8217;s government has doubled down, shifting responsibility for the violence onto the opposition. Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation Verónica Macamo accused Mondlane of incitement. &#8220;The speeches of candidate Mondlane and his supporters created the favorable environment for the transformation of demonstrations — a constitutional right — into acts of vandalism, theft, and violence,&#8221; she said.



In an apparent attempt to stifle communication among protesters, access to the internet and social media platforms has been restricted several times over the last week, with residents in major metros reporting limited or no access, as confirmed by local journalists, who reported the outages as an effort to stifle the protests and organization.



Meanwhile, in addition to the EU EOM, Portugal, Mozambique’s former colonial ruler, as well as the African Union (AU) and the United States have also condemned the violence.



The Road Ahead 



Looking forward, the prospects for significant political change remain uncertain. As Mozambique grapples with this crisis, the demands for democratic reforms and accountability grow louder.



The government&#8217;s response to these protests will significantly influence the nation&#8217;s path forward. &#8220;FRELIMO took it a step too far by rigging the elections too blatantly, and undermining opposition candidate Venâncio Mondlane to a significant, obvious degree,&#8221; Lourenço concludes.



The hope for a peaceful resolution hinges on the government&#8217;s willingness to engage with the disillusioned youth and address the systemic issues fueling the unrest, and the final impact on the country itself remains to be seen. &#8220;Significant political change is unlikely, in my opinion, but protests are likely to continue sporadically over the coming weeks,&#8221; says Lourenço. &#8220;Eventually, FRELIMO will have to listen to the youth, in some form, to appease them.&#8221; <a id="_msocom_1"></a>

Voting begins in Mozambique to elect new president, parliament

Mozambique’s Election Crisis Deepens with Youth-Led Protests and Deaths

The 16th BRICS Summit commenced today in Kazan, Russia, uniting the leaders of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, alongside new member states such as Iran and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The summit’s agenda focuses on bolstering multilateralism and expanding the use of local currencies in intra-group trade, addressing some of the most pressing economic and geopolitical challenges facing the bloc today.



Held under the theme Strengthening Multilateralism for Just Global Development and Security, the summit, on until October 24, signals BRICS’ intention to reconfigure global governance structures in a more equitable and representative manner. The symbolic weight of holding this summit in Russia, amidst ongoing geopolitical tensions — particularly the war in Ukraine and escalating conflicts in Palestine and Lebanon — underscores BRICS’ ambition to position itself as a counterbalance to Western dominance, both economically and, potentially, politically.



Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was notably absent due to a health-related issue, but he commented on the proceedings remotely. Meanwhile, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, upon arriving in Kazan, met with Russian President Vladimir Putin to discuss mutual interests.



Highlighting BRICS&#8217; strategic importance, Ramaphosa emphasized in a statement, &#8220;BRICS plays an important role in a multipolar world, championing multilateralism, mutually beneficial cooperation, and sustainable development.&#8221;



As Gustavo de Carvalho, a Senior Researcher at the South African Institute of International Affairs, explains to FORBES AFRICA: “For most BRICS members, it&#8217;s not about replacing the U.S. dollar but about creating systems that give members options to trade, particularly using local currencies within the group.” He stresses that the BRICS agenda, while ambitious, aims to build economic resilience without severing ties to the broader global financial system.



Several key issues dominate discussions, including the integration of new members and the push for local currencies in trade. Yet, questions remain about the bloc&#8217;s ability to fully implement its vision amidst internal tensions and external geopolitical conflicts.



Local Currencies in Intra-BRICS Trade: A Practical Shift?



At the core of the summit’s economic agenda is the push for greater use of local currencies in trade between BRICS members — a move aimed at reducing reliance on the U.S. dollar. While this initiative is often misinterpreted as de-dollarization, BRICS members clarify that it is not about replacing the dollar but rather providing greater flexibility in cross-border transactions.



“It’s not about replacing the U.S. dollar outright, but creating systems that provide BRICS members the option to trade in their local currencies,” explains Carvalho. This approach aims to mitigate the risks of exchange rate volatility and external sanctions while allowing BRICS members to strengthen financial independence.



However, the path to local currency adoption is fraught with challenges. For example, Russia&#8217;s surplus of Indian rupees has already raised concerns about how currency imbalances might complicate these efforts. &#8220;There are practical limitations, especially when one country ends up with a surplus of another&#8217;s currency,&#8221; Carvalho adds, highlighting that balancing trade flows will be critical to making local currency trade viable.



In response, BRICS Finance Ministers have been tasked with preparing reports on how to advance the use of local currencies and payment platforms, following a request made at the Johannesburg Summit in 2023. President Ramaphosa reinforced the strategic importance of these initiatives, noting, &#8220;BRICS now covers 43% of the world&#8217;s population&#8230; providing opportunities to develop mutually beneficial cooperation that contributes to sustainable growth.&#8221;



Despite the long-term potential, the shift toward local currencies is expected to be gradual. The focus at this summit is on laying the groundwork for more substantive changes in the years ahead.



Iran’s Inclusion in BRICS: Geopolitical Implications



The inclusion of Iran, especially in the context of ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, adds another layer of complexity to the BRICS dynamic. Iran’s membership brings significant geopolitical weight at a time when the country remains isolated by Western powers, particularly as tensions in Palestine and Lebanon intensify.



BRICS, while not a formal political or military alliance, presents a platform for countries like Iran to engage with global powers outside Western influence. Yet, this inclusion is not without its challenges. &#8220;Geopolitical issues within BRICS tend to be divisive, making coordinated positions on specific disputes challenging,&#8221; Carvalho notes, reflecting the potential for discord over how BRICS members approach contentious global issues.



The geopolitical dimensions of Iran’s membership also raise questions about BRICS’ ability to serve as a counterbalance to Western dominance. While the bloc seeks to promote multilateralism, its capacity to form a unified stance on complex geopolitical matters — especially those involving longstanding regional disputes — remains uncertain. President Ramaphosa, however, remains optimistic, stating, &#8220;A founding value of BRICS is the shared vision of the urgent need to restructure global governance to be more fair, just, and representative.&#8221;



 Expanding BRICS



While the inclusion of new members like Iran and the UAE has been a focal point at the summit, further expansion is unlikely in the near future. Instead, BRICS is prioritizing its outreach program. The BRICS+ format, first introduced at the 2017 Shanghai Summit, allows non-member states to engage in development finance, trade, and infrastructure initiatives without full membership commitments.



Reports from BRICS Foreign Ministers on the development of the Partner Country model will be pivotal in shaping this program’s future. &#8220;While the possibility of expansion exists, it seems unlikely at this stage,&#8221; Carvalho notes, emphasizing that BRICS is more focused on refining its existing framework than rushing toward further enlargement.



The outreach program aims to foster partnerships across Africa, Asia, and Latin America, while maintaining BRICS&#8217; internal cohesion. By clarifying the roles of partner countries, the bloc seeks to expand its global influence without compromising its core mission of promoting economic cooperation among its members.



As the 2024 BRICS Summit progresses, the decisions made in Kazan will set the stage for the bloc’s future, particularly as Brazil prepares to take over the presidency in 2025.

Russian President Vladimir Putin meets with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa in Kazan

Ramaphosa Meets With Putin At BRICS 2024 In Russia: Pushing For Global Governance Reform Amid Shifting Geopolitical Tides

The 2024 general elections in Mozambique seems to have highlighted tensions between the ruling party’s revolutionary past and present-day challenges as allegations of irregularities cast a shadow over the vote.



The 2024 general elections in Mozambique marks a pivotal moment in the nation’s political landscape.



Despite the backdrop of insurgency in the north and concerns raised by some observers, the long-dominant ruling party, the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), is expected to secure a decisive victory, with preliminary reports indicating a lead in all 11 provinces, including the capital city of Maputo.



However, FRELIMO, which has governed the country since its independence from Portugal, almost half a century ago, reportedly faces growing scrutiny over alleged election irregularities. As the party seeks to retain control, it may contend with accusations of increasingly authoritarian rule and manipulation.



“This is a structural problem of election rigging,” says Borges Nhamirre, a political analyst at the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) to FORBES AFRICA, indicating that such issues are not new, adding, “the results from the polls are not the ones published by the electoral bodies”.



A Contested Field



The presidential race featured several parties, including the ruling FRELIMO, the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), and the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM). Daniel Chapo, FRELIMO’s candidate, is set to succeed current President Filipe Nyusi, should the party obtain victory.



RENAMO, historically the primary opposition, appears to be losing some of its influence as indicated by preliminary vote reports. Meanwhile, MDM’s Lutero Simango and independent candidate Venâncio Mondlane have sought to challenge FRELIMO’s dominance, with Mondlane standing as a notable contender.



Access and Oversight



According to a preliminary report from the European Union Election Observation Mission (EU EOM), “There was a notable lack of confidence in the reliability of the electoral register and on the independence of the electoral bodies”.



In a press release issued recently, Laura Ballarín, Chief Observer of the EU EOM, noted that FRELIMO benefited from “the misuse of state resources”, creating an uneven platform for other parties. She added that their “observers reported a slow counting process which suffered from disorganization and lack of clarity”.



Despite these concerns, the voting process was described as orderly. The EU EOM deployed 179 observers across Mozambique, though Ballarín acknowledged the lack of confidence in “the reliability of the electoral register and the independence of the electoral bodies”.



The Southern African Development Community (SADC) also had a significant presence, deploying 53 observers from 10 member states.



Dr Amani Abeid Karume, Head of the SADC Electoral Observation Mission, emphasized that the elections would be evaluated against SADC’s Principles and Guidelines Governing Democratic Elections.



While both SADC and EU observers noted peaceful conduct on election day, access to polling stations was not without its challenges. Some observers were reportedly denied access – a trend Borges criticized. “Observers only covered 1% of polling stations, mostly in city centers, and didn’t witness the broader issues,” he suggests.



Irregularities and Allegations of Fraud



Reports of inconsistencies have raised questions about FRELIMO’s anticipated victory. Borges pointed to areas with more registered voters than the eligible voting-age population, describing it as a “manipulation” tactic. He also alleged non-citizen voting, saying it’s “not uncommon for Zimbabweans to vote”, reflecting long-standing concerns over Mozambique’s electoral integrity.



These irregularities were noted by both local observers and international missions.



A Country on Edge



The credibility of Mozambique’s election process remains under scrutiny, with frustrations reportedly growing among citizens.



The EU EOM plans to release a final report with recommendations in the coming weeks, which they hope will prompt electoral reforms. Meanwhile, SADC’s Karume has called on Mozambique’s political stakeholders to respect divergent political views and exercise responsibility, stressing the importance of stability.



As Mozambique navigates these challenges, the elections serve as a litmus test for the resilience of its democratic institutions and the extent to which the public will tolerate any perceived injustices.

Mozambique Elections: Results Trickling In Amidst Alleged Controversies

In a world that demands rapid results, Professors Salim and Quarraisha Abdool Karim have spent decades proving that patience and persistence can save lives. Recognized as a collaborative force driving advancements in HIV prevention, they recently received the 2024 Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, a prize often referred to as ‘America’s Nobel’. This award honors their transformative contributions to HIV/AIDS research and their leadership during Covid-19. As the Lasker Foundation noted in a press release announcing the award, the duo are celebrated “for illuminating key drivers of heterosexual HIV transmission and introducing life-saving approaches with which to prevent and treat HIV”.&nbsp;



Starting his research journey in apartheid-era South Africa, Prof Salim’s first published paper, written in his third year of medical school, tackled health disparities among racial groups — an early indication of his commitment to addressing the social context within public health. “Addressing inequality and empowering the vulnerable has always been integral to our approach,” he emphasizes to FORBES AFRICA, underscoring how public health can never be divorced from the societal behaviors and contexts from which it arises.



Salim recalls their return to South Africa in the late 1980s, knowing the scale of the HIV crisis they would face. “When we came back from New York in 1988, we saw the devastation HIV was causing. We knew this would be a massive problem in South Africa, and we had to act.” Over the next 18 years, the couple encountered countless setbacks but persevered, leading to the development of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), now the gold standard for HIV prevention.



“For 18 years, all we did was fail. We went from one study to another, learning as we went,” Salim reflects. “But we kept going because the problem wasn’t going away.” Their persistence culminated in assisting a major breakthrough, as PrEP revolutionized HIV prevention, particularly for women.



Karims’ work has always been intertwined with social justice. “For us, research was always about more than just science; it was a way to address inequality and empower the vulnerable,” Salim explains. They tackled HIV from a sociological angle, addressing factors like age-disparate sex that disproportionately affected young, economically disadvantaged women. “HIV isn’t just a virus — it’s deeply influenced by social factors. That’s something we had to factor into our research.”



When Covid-19 emerged, they quickly adapted to confront this new pandemic. “In just two weeks, we had the virus sequence and were racing to understand it. Everything was moving fast, but our experience with HIV helped us adapt,” Salim recalls. Their swift response highlighted their value as public health leaders, offering guidance not only to South Africa but also to institutions like the WHO and Africa CDC.



For young scientists, Salim distills their journey into a simple formula: Passion, Excellence, and Perseverance, or “PEP.” “Find something that excites you, pursue excellence, and above all, persevere. Success often lies on the far side of failure,” he advises. This wisdom, born from decades of challenges and achievements, offers a blueprint for future public health leaders.



Despite their accolades, the pair are not resting on their laurels. They continue to work on long-acting HIV prevention strategies and are preparing for future pandemics. For them, the Lasker-Bloomberg Award is not the end — it is a milestone that fuels their ongoing mission. As Salim aptly puts it, “We’ve spent a lifetime failing and learning, but ultimately, we’ve changed what’s possible.”

Quarraisha and Salim Abdool Karim (Image supplied)

‘Research Is A Way To Address Inequality And Empower The Vulnerable’: South African Professor-Couple Win Award For Game-Changing HIV-Prevention Work

As the world commemorates the 120th anniversary of the Phoenix Settlement and Mahatma Gandhi’s 155th birth anniversary, the settlement and his legacy remain powerful symbols of non-violent resistance and social justice. A new book and a special event mark this occasion.



The Phoenix Settlement, established in 1904 by Mahatma Gandhi in the lush hills of Inanda, in South Africa’s coastal KwaZulu-Natal province, was much more than a communal living space; it was the birthplace of Gandhi’s revolutionary philosophy of Satyagraha. His aim was to create a self-sustaining community built on principles of non-violence, truth, and self-reliance. Phoenix would go on to play a crucial role in shaping his ideas on justice and equality, principles that would later drive India’s independence movement.



“The Phoenix Settlement embodies Gandhi’s African legacy not only for South Africa but for the world,” says Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. Her book, Gandhi’s African Legacy: Phoenix Settlement 1904 to 2024. A History Through Letters, which will be launched at a special event on October 5, provides a unique window into the settlement’s history, traced not just through Gandhi’s letters, but through the correspondence of his family, particularly Manilal Gandhi, his wife Sushila, and their children Sita, Arun and Ela Gandhi. These letters reveal the immense struggles faced in preserving Gandhi’s legacy while resisting the social injustices of the time.



At Phoenix, Gandhi set up a printing press for his newspaper, Indian Opinion, which was printed in multiple languages — Tamil, Hindi, Gujarati, and English. The newspaper became a vital tool in Gandhi’s fight against injustice, giving a voice to both Indian and African communities in South Africa. Through its pages, Gandhi articulated the principles of Satyagraha — a strategy of civil disobedience rooted in non-violence that would later inspire global movements for justice.



The years Gandhi spent in South Africa were pivotal in shaping his world-renowned philosophy of non-violent resistance. The Phoenix Settlement was a microcosm of the principles Gandhi would later apply to India’s struggle for independence.



It was here that he, his family, and other settlers practised communal farming and manual labor, embodying his ideals of simplicity, self-sufficiency, and equality.



According to Dhupelia-Mesthrie, Gandhi’s vision for Phoenix was inspired by his desire to “experiment with a different form of living that challenged settler society’s segregationist ideals”. He aimed to create a community that embodied inter-faith harmony, upliftment of women, and an equitable labor system where workers earned equal wages regardless of skill. Phoenix became known as a ‘Satyagraha Farm’, a place where young people could be educated in non-violent resistance and prepared to challenge injustices. “Gandhi always believed that the power to transform society lay in the hands of ordinary people,” Dhupelia-Mesthrie explains.



He described Satyagraha as “the force which is born of truth and love or non-violence”.



The settlement became a living example of how collective wellbeing could take precedence over individual gain.



When Gandhi left South Africa in 1914 to return to India, his son Manilal Gandhi took up the mantle, leading the settlement and continuing the publication of Indian Opinion. Under Manilal’s leadership, the newspaper advocated for non-racialism, and he himself became deeply involved in South Africa’s broader fight against apartheid. His wife, Sushila, would later assume leadership of the settlement, ensuring it remained a hub for activism and education until her death.



The Inanda Riots of 1985 severely damaged the settlement, but it has since been restored thanks to efforts by the Phoenix Settlement Trust and the Gandhi family. Today, the settlement houses a museum, a clinic, and Gandhi’s original home, continuing its legacy as a place of learning and inspiration.



The Phoenix Settlement offers enduring leadership lessons that resonate today. Gandhi’s approach to truth, integrity, and ethical leadership is particularly relevant in a world grappling with complex social and economic challenges. His model of leadership, rooted in non-violent resistance and communal good, provides a framework for ethical governance and inclusive decision-making. For modern business leaders, these lessons are just as powerful.



The 120th-anniversary celebration of Phoenix Settlement will culminate in the launch of Dhupelia-Mesthrie’s book. According to her, Gandhi’s African legacy speaks directly to today’s most pressing challenges: how to live harmoniously in the face of differences, how to conduct oneself ethically, and how to resist injustices non-violently. As the world grapples with issues like climate change, inequality, and social unrest, Gandhi’s time at Phoenix serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of non-violent resistance, ethical governance, and the pursuit of justice for all.

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‘Legacy Not Only For South Africa But For The World’: 120 Years Of Gandhi’s Phoenix

President Cyril Ramaphosa has signed the contentious Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law, sparking debate over its potential impact on mother-tongue education and school governance in the country.



President Cyril Ramaphosa signed the Basic Education Laws Amendment (BELA) Bill into law on September 13, 2024, marking a significant shift in South Africa’s education landscape.



The new legislation, aimed at addressing inequalities and improving educational standards, has been met with both support and fierce opposition, particularly concerning its provisions on language policy and school admissions.



A Landmark Bill with Controversial Provisions



The BELA Bill introduces a range of significant changes to South Africa’s education system. It grants the government authority over school admissions and the language of instruction, ensuring centralized regulation.



The bill also tightens homeschooling regulations, requiring parents to follow stricter registration procedures. In cases where parents fail to ensure their child’s school attendance, they could face legal penalties, including jail time.



Another key provision is the introduction of Grade R as the compulsory school starting level for children aged four to five, shifting the entry age to earlier than before. The bill reinforces the abolition of corporal punishment, further solidifying South Africa’s commitment to a non-violent educational environment.



The African National Congress (ANC) has championed the bill as a necessary step toward addressing educational inequalities inherited from apartheid, especially in schools serving Black communities, which continue to lag in resources and outcomes compared to historically white institutions.



Language Policy at the Heart of the Debate



The most contentious aspect of the Bill — government’s increased control over language policies — has ignited backlash from coalition partners and civil rights groups.



The Democratic Alliance (DA), now a key member of the ruling Government of National Unity (GNU), has criticized the bill for undermining the right to mother-tongue education, particularly in schools where Afrikaans is the medium of instruction.



John Steenhuisen, leader of the DA, argued that the bill, while targeting underperforming schools, unfairly penalizes well-functioning institutions, particularly those offering instruction in Afrikaans.



“Successful single-medium Afrikaans schools are under continuous pressure to accept learners who want English instruction, while single-medium English schools face no such demands,” adds Alana Bailey, Head of Cultural Affairs at AfriForum.



The Case for Centralization



The ANC’s defense of the language provisions is rooted in its argument that some schools have used language policies to exclude learners, especially Black students.



“The BELA Bill seeks to ensure that every South African child, regardless of race or background, has equal access to quality education,” said ANC Member of Parliament Elleck Nchabeleng, who chairs the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Basic Education.



However, critics argue that this approach risks erasing cultural diversity in schools. Afrika Tikkun, a leading youth development organization, supports the bill’s goals but cautions that it must not come at the expense of local autonomy and cultural sensitivity.



Navigating the Future of South African Education



The passing of the bill has exposed reported rifts within the GNU, with President Ramaphosa facing accusations of unilaterally pushing through the legislation without adequately consulting coalition partners.



As the government moves forward with its implementation, the next three months of consultations on language and admission policies will prove critical. While it holds promise in addressing historic inequalities, its success will depend on how well the government balances the need for standardization with the importance of preserving South Africa’s rich linguistic and cultural diversity.

South Africa Signs New Health Law

The BELA Bill: Potential Turning Point For South Africa’s Education System

Pravin Gordhan, the former South African Minister of Finance and a prominent figure in the fight against state capture, passed away today at the age of 75, following a short battle with cancer.



His family in a statement issued this morning, said Gordhan &#8220;passed away peacefully in hospital surrounded by his family, closest friends and his lifelong comrades in the liberation struggle.&#8221;



Gordhan’s death marks the end of a 50-year political career, spanning multiple critical roles in South Africa’s government, most notably as the Minister of Finance during some of the country’s most turbulent years. Known for his commitment to integrity and reform, Gordhan also played a key role in South Africa’s transition to democracy, earning respect both locally and internationally for his contribution to building robust state institutions.



Gordhan, who was admitted to Johannesburg’s Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre on Wednesday, September 11, passed away two days later. His hospitalization drew the attention of many, as vigils were held in his honor, symbolizing the deep respect he garnered from his comrades and the public.



President Cyril Ramaphosa, expressing his sorrow at the passing of Gordhan in a statement issued today, hailed him as &#8220;an outstanding leader whose unassuming persona belied the depth of intellect, integrity, and energy with which he undertook his activism, his duty as a parliamentarian, and his roles as a member of Cabinet.&#8221; The President further acknowledged the personal sacrifices Gordhan made, not only for the country but also in his family life, stating, &#8220;Pravin Gordhan and his family were deprived of much needed and deserved time together.&#8221;



A Fighter Against State Capture



Although Gordhan&#8217;s political career had many significant moments, his role in fighting corruption, especially during former President Jacob Zuma&#8217;s administration, cemented his legacy. Appointed as Finance Minister twice, first from 2009 to 2014 and again from 2015 to 2017, Gordhan became a key figure in resisting what would later be known as state capture — a period of systematic looting of state resources and corruption facilitated by the Zuma-Gupta alliance.



His courageous stand against corruption led to relentless attacks on his character and reputation. He was subjected to disinformation campaigns, legal harassment, and smear efforts, spearheaded by senior ANC figures loyal to Zuma. Despite this, Gordhan remained resolute, stating that his duty was to uphold the Constitution and protect South Africa’s democratic institutions.



A Career of Service



Gordhan&#8217;s public life began long before his time in government. Born in Durban on April 12, 1949, he was an active member of the anti-apartheid struggle, working closely with organizations such as the Natal Indian Congress and serving as a member of the African National Congress’s (ANC) underground military wing. His activism in the 1970s and 1980s, which led to multiple arrests and detentions by apartheid authorities, shaped his commitment to social justice.



During the country’s transition to democracy, Gordhan played a key role in the Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), helping to negotiate the logistics of South Africa&#8217;s first free and fair election. He was later appointed the first Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service (SARS) in 1998, where he earned accolades for transforming the institution into one of the most efficient and transparent tax agencies globally.



Even though his last role as Minister of Public Enterprises, from 2018 to 2024, was fraught with challenges, including the continued crisis at Eskom and SAA, Gordhan’s contributions to strengthening South Africa’s institutions will be remembered.



President Ramaphosa echoed this sentiment: &#8220;As a beacon of our fight against corruption, Pravin Gordhan stood up to derision and threats emanating from some in our nation who were scorched by his insistence that justice be dispensed.&#8221;

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Former South African Minister of Finance and ANC Stalwart Pravin Gordhan Passes Away

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa is currently in China for his second state visit, along with his participation in the Summit of The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) this week. This visit underscores a deepening of bilateral relations, focusing on trade negotiations, political alignment, and strategic financial cooperation, signaling a strengthening of both political and economic ties between the two nations.



&#8220;We are seeking to shift the structure of our trade profile and deepen our investment relationship,” President Ramaphosa emphasized during his address to the SA-China Business Forum. “It is up to us to seize these opportunities and take the economic relationship between our two countries to the next level.&#8221;



Since the formalization of diplomatic relations in 1998, the partnership between South Africa and China has grown significantly. The cooperation has expanded year-on-year, not only in trade and investment but also through broader strategic initiatives, such as their mutual membership in the BRICS bloc. China is South Africa’s largest trading partner, with bilateral trade reaching almost $40 billion in 2023.



Veteran economist Dawie Roodt is clear in highlighting the import of strengthening trade relations with such an economic powerhouse, but also makes clear the importance of shifting the nature of such trade in a manner beneficial to South Africa.



“By purchasing power parity, the Chinese economy is the largest in the world,” says Roodt in an interview with FORBES AFRICA. “I do hope that something will come from this in terms of China actually importing more manufactured goods from South Africa.”



China appears to have listened. During today’s session of the FOCAC Summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged nearly $51 billion in new funding for Africa over the next three years, signaling a strong commitment to deepening China-Africa relations.



This funding includes support for 30 infrastructure projects and 30 clean energy initiatives across the continent, emphasizing China&#8217;s strategic shift toward sustainable development. &#8220;China is ready to deepen cooperation with African countries in industry, agriculture, infrastructure, trade, and investment,&#8221; President Xi stated in today’s address, underscoring the importance of building a &#8220;China-Africa network featuring land-sea links and coordinated development&#8221;. South African exports to China are primarily focused on minerals and agriculture, while imports from China consist largely of manufactured goods. However, the trade imbalance remains a concern, with South Africa importing about twice as much from China as it exports. President Ramaphosa reiterated this concern during his meetings with Chinese leaders, stating, &#8220;We would like to narrow the trade deficit and address the structure of our trade.&#8221;



China’s increasing economic footprint in Africa is also a critical factor in the relationship. With loans totaling $4.61 billion to the continent last year and a growing number of developmental projects, China’s influence in Africa continues to expand. This expansion is not without strategic implications. As part of the broader Belt and Road Initiative, China&#8217;s investments in infrastructure, technology, and renewable energy align with its goals to build stronger ties with African nations.



For South Africa, this means leveraging these investments to boost local manufacturing and job creation. &#8220;We urge for more sustainable manufacturing and job-creating investments,&#8221; President Ramaphosa said, reflecting South Africa&#8217;s push for development that extends beyond raw materials and goods.



This goal appears to be reciprocated, with China aiming to expand market access and facilitate technology transfers, which could benefit South Africa by boosting local industries and creating jobs. With a promise to create at least one million jobs in Africa and to provide $70 billion in fresh investments by Chinese companies as part of the overall funding package, these commitments align with South Africa&#8217;s goals to diversify its economy and reduce its trade deficit with China. This development presents opportunities for South Africa to enhance its export profile, particularly in manufactured goods and value-added products.



On the political front, both nations operate under the framework of a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP). However, discussions during this visit included a proposal to upgrade the relationship to an All-Round Strategic Cooperative Partnership in a New Era. This new level of partnership would not only increase trade ties and commercial commitments but also enhance political alignment, a move clearly indicated in the joint statement issued by both countries on Monday. The statement reaffirmed South Africa’s support for the “One-China policy” and recognized Taiwan as &#8220;an inalienable part of China.&#8221;



Despite this greater political closeness, Roodt is not cynical as to how this might affect South Africa’s broader international relations, but highlighted that this step should not be seen as the sole point around which the country’s trade pivots. “I don&#8217;t think this is going to be an obstacle to our trade and our relationship with other countries, especially the West… As a small, developing, and open economy, South Africa would like to do business with everybody, and establish similar agreements with other countries as well.”



Additionally, both leaders agreed to strengthen cooperation in governance, green technologies, and digital transformation, underscoring the importance of mutual learning and technological exchange. This aligns with South Africa&#8217;s goal to modernize its economy and move towards sustainable development.



As discussions continue, South Africa is poised to advocate for better terms in its economic dealings with China, seeking to balance its trade deficit while expanding cooperation in critical areas such as renewable energy, technology, and infrastructure. The outcomes of these negotiations will likely shape the future trajectory of China-South Africa relations and their collective impact on the African continent&#8217;s economic landscape.

2024 Summit Of The Forum On China-Africa Cooperation – Day 3

South Africa And China Deepen Ties With $51 Billion Commitment And Strategic Partnership Upgrade During State Visit

South Africa’s Department of Justice is set to resubmit its extradition application to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the Gupta brothers, Rajesh and Atul, in connection with well-reported allegations of state capture. The Department is also considering expanding the charges attached to the application, including those of money laundering and fraud. The two brothers fled South Africa in 2016 amidst scrutiny over their close relationship with former President Jacob Zuma and allegations of illicit dealings with the state.



“The department and the National Prosecuting Authority [NPA] is coming under a lot of flak and being blamed for the failure to extradite the Gupta brothers, so it’s very important to understand that, as the NPA, we did everything possible to make sure that these Gupta brothers, who must be held accountable for the devastation of state capture, [are extradited],” said National Director of Public Prosecutions Shamila Batohi during a media briefing in Pretoria this morning.



The reapplication follows the rejection of the original extradition request by the UAE last year, reportedly on a technicality, which was communicated to South African authorities six weeks after the Gupta brothers had been informed.



The Gupta brothers, who first arrived in South Africa in 1993, built a vast business empire that expanded into mining, electronics, and media. Their influence extended into the political sphere, with accusations of orchestrating state appointments and siphoning funds from state-owned enterprises. Despite these allegations, the brothers have consistently denied wrongdoing, framing the accusations as part of a politically motivated campaign against them.



In South Africa, the Gupta family&#8217;s reported involvement in state capture has become a symbol of the country’s struggle with corruption at the highest levels of government. The brothers&#8217; alleged ability to influence key government decisions and appointments has raised questions about the integrity of South Africa&#8217;s political system during Zuma’s presidency. The fallout from these allegations continues to reverberate through the nation’s political and legal landscapes.



In the broader fight against state capture, the NPA has faced significant obstacles, including a lack of access to the Zondo Commission&#8217;s digital evidence database, crucial for prosecuting state capture cases. The Justice Department has denied claims that it has blocked access. The database reportedly contains a wealth of evidence that could be critical in prosecuting not only the Gupta brothers but other high-profile individuals implicated in state capture.



As South Africa prepares to resubmit its extradition application for the Gupta brothers, the outcome will be closely watched as a test of the country&#8217;s legal resolve and its ability to overcome systemic challenges that continue to obstruct justice. The success or failure of this extradition effort could have far-reaching implications for South Africa&#8217;s ability to prosecute those responsible for the widespread corruption that has plagued the country in recent years.

Gupta Brothers and Duduzane Zuma speak out

South Africa’s Justice Department To Reapply For Gupta Brothers’ Extradition, Mulls Adding New Charges

Floyd Shivambu, South Africa’s Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) Deputy President, today resigned from the party to join the uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK) party. This move represents the largest shakeup in EFF leadership since its formation in 2014 and reflects the shifting nature of opposition parties in light of South Africa’s recent Government of National Unity (GNU) formation following this year’s elections.



EFF President Julius Malema acknowledged the resignation in an urgent press briefing held in Johannesburg and attended by FORBES AFRICA, stating, “When he sent me a letter yesterday, I felt the pain… resigning from the EFF is like resigning from himself.”



Shivambu has long been a staunch supporter of Malema, co-founding the EFF alongside him. His exit to the MK party may herald a larger exodus of his loyalists, with at least one other EFF Member of Parliament, Mzwanele Manyi, also tendering his resignation in favor of joining MK.



Rumors of Shivambu’s potential resignation began swirling on social media late last night, quickly becoming the top trend on X, formerly Twitter, in South Africa. Speculation suggested that the rift was due to Shivambu potentially challenging Malema’s leadership at the EFF’s next conference.



Shivambu’s departure to the uMkhonto we Sizwe party, formed late last year after former President Jacob Zuma broke away from the ruling African National Congress (ANC), is particularly notable. Since MK’s formation and the lead-up to the June elections, several ANC members followed Zuma, leading to a groundswell of populist support. The newly-formed MK party surprisingly captured 14.58% of the national vote.



In response to the surge in support for relatively nascent opposition parties and the significant losses suffered by the ruling ANC, the post-election landscape saw the ANC, opposition Democratic Alliance (DA), and several other parties form GNU.



“My non-renewal of EFF membership is not a vote of no confidence,” said Shivambu during today’s press conference, notably absent his red overalls and beret, the EFF’s uniform. “It is a revolutionary act that will allow progressive forces to unite and work towards their agenda,” he added, seemingly nodding to the newfound circumstances the EFF and MK parties find themselves in since the GNU’s formation. Despite Shivambu’s conciliatory words, a visibly-agitated Malema looked on during the reading of the resignation letter.



Shivambu’s move comes just a week after 18 MK MPs were recalled from Parliament by the organization, many of whom had resigned from previous posts or employment to embrace their new roles — expulsions that have marked the party since former President Zuma assumed leadership of MK in May.



This move represents another unexpected turn in South Africa’s political landscape, with Malema acknowledging the potential impact on the party. “There will be many others who are going to leave the EFF because they’ve got their loyalty and support for the deputy president,” Malema remarked.



Shivambu declined to elaborate on his reasons for leaving, stating, “I don’t entertain rumors and speculations.”



The departure of a key figure like Shivambu could have profound implications for the future of South Africa’s opposition politics. With the MK party gaining traction and the EFF facing internal challenges, the balance of power among opposition parties is likely to shift, potentially altering the dynamics within the GNU. As these developments unfold, the future of South Africa’s political landscape will hinge on how these parties navigate their evolving roles, their ability to unite their bases, and the impact this will have on governance and stability in the country. The emergence of new



political alliances and realignments could shape the course of South Africa’s democracy in the years to come.

EFF Party Holds Press Conference As Deputy Leader Resigns

Political Shift As South African Opposition Party Economic Freedom Fighters Sees Deputy President Exit

In an unprecedented move, the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) has declared Mpox a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security – the first since the agency’s inception in 2017.



&#8220;This empowers us to forge new partnerships, strengthen our health systems, educate our communities, and deliver life-saving interventions where they are needed most,&#8221; said Africa CDC Director General Jean Kaseya during an online media briefing late yesterday announcing the emergency, noting that currently, travel restrictions were not required.



The declaration, which will allow the organization to empower and coordinate resources in response to the Mpox outbreak, comes as 13 countries on the continent have reported cases, with the total exceeding 17,000, the majority being registered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). However, the actual numbers could be higher due to a lack of consistent contact tracing and surveillance in many regions.



The situation has also deteriorated in countries like Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda, where the virus has crossed borders, leading to an alarming rise in infections.



&#8220;This is not just another challenge; it’s a crisis that demands our collective action,” continued Kaseya. Africa CDC&#8217;s declaration underscores the severity of the Mpox outbreak, with the number of cases skyrocketing by 160% in the past year alone. According to the latest CDC data as of August 4, 2024, there have been 38,465 cases of Mpox and 1,456 deaths in Africa since January 2022. Experts warn that the true scale of the outbreak might be far worse, given the gaps in monitoring and reporting systems across the continent.



<h4 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-background">Background</h4>



Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, belongs to the same family of viruses as smallpox. The virus has mutated into different clades, with the current outbreak predominantly linked to the Clade Ib subclade, which has spread rapidly across Central and Western Africa. The virus is transmitted through close physical contact, resulting in symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, and large boil-like skin lesions.



In response to the crisis, Africa CDC has coordinated with international partners, including the European Commission and Bavarian Nordic, to secure 215,000 doses of the MVA-BN® vaccine, the only FDA and EMA-approved Mpox vaccine. This donation comes at a crucial time, as the continent grapples with the rapid spread of the virus and the limited availability of vaccines. The vaccine distribution will prioritize the most-affected regions, aiming to curb the spread of the virus and protect vulnerable populations.



Stella Kyriakides, the European Union Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, emphasized the importance of international cooperation in this effort in a press release announcing the donation earlier today: &#8220;Strong global partnerships are at the very core of our European Health Union. Health security threats know no borders and today… Preparedness and response to health threats is a global endeavour which we are determined to pursue collectively and with solidarity across borders.&#8221;

Spain Sets Up Monkeypox Testing Site As Cases on The Rise

Mpox Declared Public Health Emergency By Africa CDC: ‘Crisis That Demands Collective Action’ As 13 African Countries Report Cases

Namibia recently decided to impose visa requirements on countries that do not offer reciprocal visa-free entry.



Namibia is set to implement a new visa policy aimed at launching in April 2025, requiring citizens from over 30 countries, including major Western nations like the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, to obtain visas for entry. This move is intended to ensure &#8220;parity and fairness in diplomatic interactions&#8221;, according to a press statement from the Namibian Ministry of Home Affairs, Immigration, Safety and Security issued earlier this year, reflecting a growing trend among Global South countries to assert themselves in global diplomatic exchanges.



The Hospitality Association of Namibia has expressed concerns over the potential impact on tourism, a sector contributing 7% to the country&#8217;s GDP. The new visa requirements for visitors from key source markets may affect Namibia’s image as a welcoming destination. With European countries accounting for a significant portion of tourist arrivals, industry experts fear that the policy might deter travelers, particularly those sensitive to additional travel costs.



Namibian policymakers defend the decision as a necessary assertion of sovereignty. Namibian Minister of Home Affairs, Immigration, Safety and Security Albert Kawana stated in a press release that, “This decision ensures that our policies are respected internationally and that Namibian citizens face fair treatment abroad.”



Analysts have noted that Namibia is not alone in this approach. Namibia&#8217;s stance reflects a broader trend where countries like Brazil are revising their visa policies to mirror the requirements imposed by Western nations. This shift signals a desire among Global South countries to change narratives about their role and treatment in international relations.



While the tourism sector voices concern, the Namibian government insists the process will be streamlined with visas available on arrival, minimizing disruptions for travelers. Still, as the policy looms, the debate continues on whether the diplomatic gains will outweigh potential economic drawbacks.



This policy shift underscores a broader debate in Africa: balancing national sovereignty with the economic imperatives of tourism and investment. As discussions evolve, Namibia&#8217;s move may prompt broader reflections across the continent on the balance between welcoming foreign investment and asserting national dignity.

The Hosea Kutako International Airport is the main

‘Ensures Our Policies Are Respected Internationally’: Namibia’s New Visa Policy For Over 30 Countries

South Africa’s 2023 startup ecosystem concluded on a high note, as the local venture capital (VC) sector defied the global downward trend in annual deals since 2020. The recent Southern African Venture Capital and Private Equity Association (SAVCA) Venture Capital Survey Launch 2024 revealed that total capital flow to startups exceeded R3 billion ($164 million) for the first time, demonstrating the sector&#8217;s remarkable resilience and potential.



The survey, launched by SAVCA, highlighted the significant increase in capital flow, with R10.73 billion ($586 million) invested across 1,106 active deals since the survey&#8217;s inception in 2010. While the number of deals slightly decreased in 2023 (184 deals compared to 195 in 2022), the activity remained higher than pre-Covid levels.



In line with global trends, the information and communication technology (ICT) sector dominated VC investments, nearly doubling its activity compared to 2022. The ICT sector, encompassing sub-sectors such as fintech, edtech, software, and eCommerce, accounted for 87.6% of investments. Fintech led by value (18.3%) and number (14.8%) of deals, followed by software at 9.8%.



Leading Industries Driving VC Investment



The ICT sector&#8217;s dominance in VC investments is not surprising, given the global shift towards a more digital and technologically driven economy. South Africa&#8217;s strategic position, well-established tech hubs, and a growing pool of tech-savvy entrepreneurs make it an attractive destination for VC funds. The country&#8217;s robust infrastructure, coupled with a supportive regulatory environment, further bolsters the appeal for investors.



Dawie Roodt, founder, Director, and Chief Economist of the Efficient Group, provides insights into this trend. He notes that the increasing digitization of business and the shift towards service-oriented economic activities are primary factors driving investments in the ICT sector.



&#8220;The nature of economic activity worldwide is changing rapidly, becoming more service-oriented and technologically driven. This shift supports the resilience of the VC sector, particularly in ICT,&#8221; Roodt explains in an interview with FORBES AFRICA.



Impact of Increased VC Investment



The infusion of VC funds into South Africa’s startup ecosystem has far-reaching implications for the economy, leading to job creation, innovation, and overall economic growth. As new technologies and business models emerge, they can drive productivity and competitiveness across various sectors. Furthermore, the rise in co-investment activities, involving both local and international investors, fosters a collaborative environment that can accelerate the growth of high-potential startups.



By backing innovative solutions, venture capitalists play a crucial role in addressing some of South Africa&#8217;s most pressing social challenges, such as unemployment and inadequate service delivery. The focus on sectors like fintech and edtech also indicates a potential for significant improvements in financial inclusion and education.



Potential Negative Impacts



However, the influx of VC money is not without potential drawbacks. One notable concern is the impact on the cost of living, particularly in tech hubs like Cape Town. As more startups receive funding and scale their operations, the demand for office space and housing could rise sharply, driving up rental and property prices. This could exacerbate the existing affordability issues for local residents.



Roodt emphasizes the need for balanced growth and highlights potential challenges. &#8220;South Africa is still a country and you need to be attractive in order to attract foreign investments. The downside, because of certain things, like, for example, the quality of our government and weak economic growth means that the returns that these investors require of are very high,&#8221; he noted.



Additional Insights



Moreover, the concentration of investment in specific sectors and regions might lead to economic imbalances. While the ICT sector thrives, other industries might not receive the same level of attention and funding, potentially widening the economic disparity between different sectors and regions.



Future Outlook



Despite the optimistic outlook, challenges remain. Roodt points out the impact of weak economic growth and the quality of governance on attracting foreign investment. &#8220;The downside, because of certain things like the quality of our government and weak economic growth, means that the returns these investors require are very high,&#8221; he cautioned.



The success of the VC sector will also depend on maintaining a positive investment image internationally. &#8220;With the new government of national unity, which is more of a coalition government, South Africa&#8217;s investment image is certainly improving,&#8221; Roodt observes.

Yeshiel Panchia

FORBES AFRICA SOCIAL MEDIA